Browse Topic: Coal gasification

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Numerical Study of Catalytic Methanation Reactions Using a Kinetic Model2024-24-002209/18/2024
Even if huge efforts are made to push alternative mobility concepts, such as, electric cars (BEV) and fuel cell powered cars, the importance and use of liquid fuels is anticipated to stay high during the 2030s. The biomethane and synthetic natural gas (SNG) might play a major role in this context as they are raw material for chemical industry, easy to be stored via existing infrastructure, easy to distribute via existing infrastructure, and versatile energy carrier for power generation and mobile applications. Hence, biomethane and synthetic natural gas might play a major role as they are suitable for power generation as well as for mobile applications and can replace natural gas without any infrastructure changes. In this paper, we aim to understand the direct production of synthetic natural gas from CO2 and H2 in a Sabatier process based on a thermodynamic analysis as well as a multi-step kinetic approach. For this purpose, we thoroughly discuss CO2 methanation to control emission in
Mauss, Fabian
Technical Paper
Combustion and Emissions Performance of Simulated Syngas/Diesel Dual Fuels in a CI Engine1324609/19/2022
Small diesel engines are a common primer for micro and mini-grid systems, which can supply affordable electricity to rural and remote areas, especially in developing countries. These diesel generators have no exhaust after-treatment system thus exhaust emissions are high. This paper investigates the potential of introducing simulated synthetic gas (syngas) to diesel in a small diesel engine to explore the opportunities of widening fuel choices and reducing emissions using a 5.7kW single cylinder direct injection diesel generator engine. Three different simulated syngas blends (with varying hydrogen content) were prepared to represent the typical syngas compositions produced from downdraft gasification and were injected into the air inlet. In-cylinder pressure, ignition delay, premixed combustion, combustion stability, specific energy consumption (SEC), and gaseous and particle emissions were measured at various power settings and mixing ratios. Particle size distributions (PSD) were
Aslam, Zahida
Video
Combustion and Emissions Performance of Simulated Syngas/Diesel Dual Fuels in a CI Engine2022-01-105108/30/2022
Small diesel engines are a common primer for micro and mini-grid systems, which can supply affordable electricity to rural and remote areas, especially in developing countries. These diesel generators have no exhaust after-treatment system thus exhaust emissions are high. This paper investigates the potential of introducing simulated synthetic gas (syngas) to diesel in a small diesel engine to explore the opportunities of widening fuel choices and reducing emissions using a 5.7kW single cylinder direct injection diesel generator engine. Three different simulated syngas blends (with varying hydrogen content) were prepared to represent the typical syngas compositions produced from downdraft gasification and were injected into the air inlet. In-cylinder pressure, ignition delay, premixed combustion, combustion stability, specific energy consumption (SEC), and gaseous and particle emissions were measured at various power settings and mixing ratios. Particle size distributions (PSD) were
Aslam, Zahida, Li, Hu, Hammerton, James, Andrews, Gordon E.
Technical Paper
Energy Analysis of Underground Coal Gasification with CO2 Capture and Auxiliary Power Production15-227-3-32805/01/2013
2 processing can be met through the use of an auxiliary plant. The basic model illustrates that the power produced by the auxiliary plant is 2.1 times greater than that required by CO 2 capture. Parametric analyses are performed to investigate the impact of air injection rate, syngas cooling and CO 2 capture and compression processes necessary for transport and sequestration. The system investigated is the Newman Spinney underground coal gasification test plant coupled with a basic Rankine cycle. It is shown that the energy requirement for CO 2 capture and compression requirements on system performance. 2 and prepare it for transport and storage, which is typically considered a parasitic loss. This study investigates utilizing waste heat rejected during processing of syngas from underground coal gasification using an auxiliary power plant, to supply the required energy associated with amine-based COUnderground coal gasification is a method of converting in situ coal into synthesis gas
Self, Stuart J., Rosen, Marc A., Reddy, Bale V.
Journal Article
Combustion of Minimally Processed Coal Liquids in a Diesel Engine90039902/01/1990
A modified CFR Cetane engine was used to analyze combustion characteristics and emissions of minimally processed coal liquids (MPCLs). To aid in combustion of the coal liquids, the ability to heat the fuel and inlet air was added. The MPCLs are derived from atmospheric distillation of coal liquids. The coal liquids are byproducts of coal gasification of Elkhorn bituminous and North Dakota lignite using the atmospheric, air blown Wellman-Galusha and pressurized, oxygen blown Lurgi gasifiers, respectively. The MPCLs were compared with three reference fuels: diesel No. 2, U12 (21 cetane number) and #-methyl napthalene (0 cetane number). The inlet air was heated from 340 to 535 K and the compression ratio was varied from 13 to 31 to provide sufficient range in temperature and pressure necessary for the combustion of low cetane number fuels. At each operating condition, fuel consumption, cylinder pressure, ignition delay, and emisions were measured. By monitoring the exhaust CO2 levels, the
Ahmadi, M. R., Kittelson, D. B., Brehob, D. D.
Technical Paper
Industrial Fixed-Bed Coal Gasification: An Economic Alternative to Deregulated Natural Gas81099509/01/1981
The role of coal in the United States energy future will definitely increase due to the higher cost of oil and natural gas. This paper reviews the projected role which coal will play in this country within the next twenty years. Specifically, the generation of coal derived industrial fuel gas using fixed bed gasifiers is reviewed. The fixed bed gasifier technology presented includes the single-stage “galusha” gasifier and the two-stage gasifier design offered by Black, Sivalls & Bryson, Incorporated. The paper reviews the use of various U.S. coals in these industrial gasifiers and presents operational data from a variety of coals. The use of coal derived industrial fuel gas by companies within the U.S. is reviewed including the economic criteria which lead to these industries investing in coal gasification systems. Projected fuel costs are presented. These data suggest a cross-over between coal derived IFG and natural gas costs in the 1985 time frame
Maurer, Rolf E.
Technical Paper
Energy Economics of Alternate Fuels79043002/01/1979
The energy crisis of the mid-1970's released a frantic search for alternative fuels. The present paper reviews the studies undertaken by the Author's Company and outlines experience with broad specification fuels, vegetable oils and alcohols. Tests were undertaken mainly with the diesel engine and its derivatives in mind. It is concluded that, in the medium term, the most effective engine/fuel combination is an injected stratified charge engine burning “wide-cut” fuel oils. Such oil could be obtained by a modification to present natural crude refining practices, or from shale and tar sand distillation, or by coal gasification and hydrogenation, or from oil bearing vegetation. Unfortunately, the energy scene is currently confused by the conflict between short term economic gain and long term conservation needs. As a result attention is being focussed on gasolene-like alternatives, notably methyl and ethyl alcohol. As a consequence it is thought that carburetted stratified charge engines
Bertodo, R.
Technical Paper
Another Look at Alternative Fuel Options77075902/01/1977
Alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels can be produced from oil shale, coal, and from a variety of carbonaceous materials including both cultivated biomass and waste materials. In the long-term, hydrogen, often mentioned as an alternative fuel, may be used as an energy carrier or transfer agent; it should not, however, be considered as an energy resource. Among the alternatives, coal-derived or shale-derived fuels could become significant in the national supply within the century. The other alternatives are long-term (post-2000), or, at least without extensive resource development, they are resource-limited. Any identifiable shale-derived fuel probably will appear as conventional finished fuel--either gasoline or distillate. More likely, however, the shale-derived component of fuels will not be identifiable because any shale oil available for the manufacture of transportation fuels within the foreseeable future will be blended with natural crude and used as refinery
Hurn, R. W.
Technical Paper
The Role of Methanol as a Clean Fuel74064202/01/1974
The use of coal as a prime energy source is examined. The author focuses on the process of coal gasification to produce a synthesis gas for subsequent conversion to either gaseous or liquid products, and particularly on the methanol process. The production of methanol is described, as are ways of using it commercially
Jackson, Robert G.
Technical Paper
The COGAS Project-One Method of Coal to Gas Conversion73071002/01/1973
Coal gasification processes are characterized by a series of general process steps consisting of coal preparation, reaction with steam (or steam and hydrogen), gas purification, shift, and methane synthesis. The chemical reactions involved are simple, but the equilibrium relationships are reasonably complex. A number of these processes have reached the pilot plant stage with two pilot plants in operation. The relative economics can be estimated from heat and carbon utilization efficiencies. The COGAS process development is a privately financed program directed toward production of oil as well as gas from coal using low pressure in the coal conversion steps. This process, which can be applied to a wide variety of coals, consists of pyrolysis of the coal to extract the volatile matter and yield a low volatile char, reaction of the char with steam in a unique gasification step, followed by processing of the oil and gas to product quality. The efficiency of the COGAS process appears to
Dierdorff, L. H., Bloom, R.
Technical Paper
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