Browse Topic: Flight guidance systems
Northrop Grumman Woodland Hills, CA 224-200-7539
This document recommends criteria and requirements for a flight management system (FMS) for transport aircraft. The FMS shall provide the functions of lateral navigation, vertical navigation, and performance management and may include time of arrival control. The FMS design shall take human factors considerations into account to produce a fault tolerant system.
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers automatic pilots intended for use on aircraft to automatically operate the primary and trim aerodynamic controls to maintain stable flight and/or to provide maneuvering about any of the three axes through servo control. Automatic control functions essential for primary or augmented flight control are excluded.
The recommendations of this document apply to such aircraft as are able to perform both normal angle and steep IMC approaches, the latter being defined as those approaches having a final approach segment angle greater than 4°. Such aircraft can include both conventional and STOL fixed-wing aircraft, commercial air transport and/or utility and normal category helicopters, compound helicopters and powered lift vehicles (tiltrotors, tiltfans, tiltwings, etc.).
The function of a multifunctional display (MFD) system is to provide the crew access to a variety of data, or combinations of data, used to fly the aircraft, to navigate, to communicate, and to manage aircraft systems. MFDs may also display primary flight information (PFI) as needed to insure continuity of operations. This document sets forth design and operational recommendations concerning the human factors considerations for MFD systems. The MFD system may contain one or more electronic display devices capable of presenting data in several possible formats. MFDs are designed to depict PFI, navigation, communication, aircraft state, aircraft system management, weather, traffic, and/or other information used by the flight crew for command and control of the aircraft. The information displayed may be combined to make an integrated display or one set of data may simply replace another. The information contained in this document can be applied to the design of all MFDs, including
This document sets forth general, functional, procedural, and design criteria and recommendations concerning human engineering of data link systems. The recommendations are based on limited evidence from empirical and analytic studies of simulated data link communication, and on experience from operational tests and actual use of data link. However, because data are not yet available to support recommendations on all potentially critical human engineering issues these recommendations necessarily go beyond the data link research and include requirements based on related research and human factors engineering practice. It is also recognized that evolution of these recommendations will be appropriate as experience with data link accumulates and new applications are implemented. This document focuses primarily on recommendations for data link communications between an air traffic specialist and a pilot, i.e., air traffic services communications, although some recommendations address use of
ABSTRACT The objective of the joint National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and The Boeing Company Technology Development Program (TDP) entitled 'Canadian Vertical Lift Autonomy Demonstration' (CVLAD) is to evaluate automated and supervised autonomous flight systems on NRC Bell 412 Advanced Systems Research Aircraft (ASRA) and Royal Canadian Air Force Boeing CH-147F Chinook demonstrators. Boeing technologies such as Degraded Visual Environment Pilotage System and Advanced Vehicle Management System form the foundation of an autonomy solution that aims to satisfy Royal Canadian Air Force, US Army, and other Armed Service branch end-use objectives for force multiplication, tactical advantage, pilot assistance, reduced crew operations, and enhanced fleet productivity. The Boeing Company engaged NRC under a Cooperative Research Agreement since 2016 as part of a number of strategies to upgrade Medium-Heavy Lift H-47 Chinook capabilities prior to long-term aircraft replacement in the 2030
ABSTRACT Successful human intervention will be central to any emerging autonomous aerial transport platform, such as personal aerial vehicles (PAV), for the safe conduct of flight. This paper proposes a concept to compensate a partial failure of the autonomous flight guidance by handing over control of the aircraft to a passenger and analyzes the associated human factors. First, a novel waypoint guidance law is designed that generates the desired roll commands for navigation to a designated safe landing spot. Second, two novel guidance display concepts are developed, one for the primary flight display (PFD), and another for the helmet mounted display (HMD), which indicate the desired roll commanded by the guidance law. Third, the guidance law and display concepts are integrated into a high-fidelity, wide field-of-view flight simulation environment and a static mock-up of a conventional helicopter cockpit. Humanin-the-loop experiments were performed with test subjects to analyze the
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations for design and test requirements for a generic “passive” side stick that could be used for fly-by wire transport and business aircraft. It addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical and electrical interfaces The safety and certification requirements
ABSTRACT Landing helicopters in Degraded Visual Environments (DVE) is one of the most challenging maneuvers pilots perform. The US Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) has been working to develop flight guidance and sensor systems to provide the pilot with guidance and pilot displays to land a helicopter, hover, and take off in DVE. During flight testing of the Brown Out Symbology System (BOSS) on an EH-60L, pilots reported very high workload requiring full concentration on the displays during approaches to landing in brownout. In order to reduce pilot workload, an approach to provide the pilot with a collective tactile cue based on coupling of the output of the symbology display algorithms to the EH-60L collective trim servo has been developed and flight tested. Details of the system are provided along with the results of flight testing conducted at the Yuma Proving Grounds comparing workload from approaches to landing in brownout with and
This document sets forth general, functional, procedural, and design criteria and recommendations concerning human engineering of data link systems. The recommendations are based on limited evidence from empirical and analytic studies of simulated data link communication, and on experience from operational tests and actual use of data link. However, because data are not yet available to support recommendations on all potentially critical human engineering issues these recommendations necessarily go beyond the data link research and include requirements based on related research and human factors engineering practice. It is also recognized that evolution of these recommendations will be appropriate as experience with data link accumulates and new applications are implemented. This document focuses primarily on recommendations for data link communications between an air traffic specialist and a pilot, i.e., air traffic services communications, although some recommendations address use of
This document recommends criteria for Airborne Windshear Systems, including operational objectives, characteristics, and functional requirements. The recommendations in this document apply to transport aircraft, and describe the operational objectives of windshear alerting systems, situational displays, guidance systems, and avoidance/ detection systems.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) recommends criteria for the design and installation of Head-Up Display (HUD) systems. The recommendations are applicable to HUD systems for transport category aircraft, which display flight information (focused at infinity) in the forward field of view. The HUD total system requirement recommendations shall primarily lead to certifiable fail-passive CAT III characteristics and performance. This document forms a part of these recommendations. This document does not address devices for peripheral vision of displays worn by the pilot, nor the presentation of Enhanced Vision System (EVS) information.
This document recommends criteria and requirements for a Flight Management System (FMS) for transport aircraft. The FMS shall provide the functions of Lateral Navigation, Vertical Navigation, and Performance Management and may include Time of Arrival Control. The FMS design shall take Human Factors considerations into account to produce a fault tolerant system.
Electronics play an important role in unmanned aerial vehicles designated for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance mission areas, as well as for combat. Roadmaps seem to be everywhere these days. Earlier this year, Dyke Weatherington, Deputy, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Planning Task Force, announced the release of the 2002 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Roadmap. According to Weatherington, one of the specific purposes of the document, which looks out to 2027, is to identify “those near-term mission areas that can be impacted significantly by emerging UAV technology.” Another goal for the roadmap is its use as “a guide to our industry and allies, identifying the highest value areas for independent investment and areas for international cooperation,” said Weatherington. Ironically, it is international uncooperation that has made UAVs increasingly important for a wide range of armed forces mission scenarios-particularly ISR, or intelligence
The function of a multifunctional display (MFD) system is to provide the crew access to a variety of data, or combinations of data, used to fly the aircraft, to navigate, to communicate, and to manage aircraft systems. MFDs may also display primary flight information (PFI) as needed to insure continuity of operations. This document sets forth design and operational recommendations concerning the human factors considerations for MFD systems. The MFD system may contain one or more electronic display devices capable of presenting data in several possible formats. MFDs are designed to depict PFI, navigation, communication, aircraft state, aircraft system management, weather, traffic, and/or other information used by the flight crew for command and control of the aircraft. The information displayed may be combined to make an integrated display or one set of data may simply replace another. The information contained in this document can be applied to the design of all MFDs, including
This document recommends criteria and requirements for a Flight Management System (FMS) for transport aircraft.
This document recommends criteria for Airborne Windshear Systems, including operational objectives, characteristics, and functional requirements. The recommendations of the document apply to transport aircraft, and describe the operational objectives of windshear alerting systems, situational displays, guidance systems, and avoidance/detection systems.
This document recommends criteria for Airborne Windshear Systems, including operational objectives, characteristics, and functional requirements. The recommendations of this document apply to transport aircraft, and describe the operational objectives of windshear alerting systems, situational displays, guidance systems, and detection/avoidance systems.
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