Recommended Practices - SAE Mobilus

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The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to establish uniform test procedures for measuring and rating air delivery and cooling capacity of truck and off-road self-propelled work machines used in earth moving, agriculture, and forestry air-conditioner evaporator assemblies. It is the intent to measure only the actual cooling capacity of the evaporator. It is not the intent of this document to rate and compare the performance of the total vehicle air-conditioning system.
Truck and Bus Windshield Wipers and Climate Control Comm
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides criteria for the design, installation, operation, and training aspects of head-up display (HUD) systems in transport category aircraft, with emphasis on pilot interface and operational requirements. The recommendations apply to permanently installed (including stowable) HUDs that display primary flight information, including those integrating enhanced flight vision system (EFVS) imagery. The intent is to ensure HUDs are designed and used in a manner that improves pilot situational awareness and flight technical performance across all phases of flight, up to and including low-visibility operations. While technical design standards (optical performance, hardware specs, etc.) are defined in documents like ARP5288 and AS8055, this document focuses on pilot usage considerations and human factors. HUD systems addressed here are typically designed to support a fail-passive operational concept applicable to Category III instrument approach
S-7 Flight Deck Handling Qualities Stds for Trans Aircraft
This method outlines the standard procedure for testing the hardness of bearing components. Bearings covered by this test method shall be any rolling element bearing used in airframe control.
ACBG Rolling Element Bearing Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) document establishes criteria and recommended practices for the use of airborne icing tankers to aid in design and certification of aircraft ice protection systems and components. Several icing tankers are described, along with their capabilities and suggested use. Sample data for these tanker spray systems are included, shown with 14 CFR Parts 25 and 29, Appendix C icing envelopes for continuous maximum and intermittent maximum icing conditions. (Note: In the remainder of this document, the phrase “Appendix C icing envelopes” will be used for brevity.) This ARP is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.
AC-9C Aircraft Icing Technology Committee
This SAE Standard specifies the test requirements in addition to those given in ISO 3046-1 for determining the power, at a single point or as a power curve, of marine propulsion engines or systems for recreational craft and other small craft using similar propulsion equipment of less than 24 m length of the hull. It also provides the means for documenting and checking the declared (rated) power published by the manufacturer.
Marine Technical Steering Committee
The process detailed within this document is generic and applies to the entire end-to-end health management capability, covering both on-board and on-ground elements, in both commercial and military applications throughout their lifecycle. This ARP addresses a gap in guidance related to usage of ground-based health management equipment for airworthiness credit, ensuring a level of integrity commensurate with the potential aircraft-level consequences of the relevant failure conditions. The practical application of this standardized process is detailed in the form of a checklist. The on-board elements described here are typically the source of the data acquisition used for off-board analysis. The on-board aspects relating to airworthiness and/or safety of flight, e.g., pilot notification, are addressed by existing guidance and policy documents. If a proposed health management capability for airworthiness credit involves modification of the on-board systems, the substantiation of those
E-32 Aerospace Propulsion Systems Health Management
This FMEA standard describes potential failure mode and effects analysis in design (DFMEA), supplemental FMEA-MSR, and potential failure mode and effects analysis in manufacturing and assembly processes (PFMEA). It assists users in the identification and mitigation of risk by providing appropriate terms, requirements, rating charts, and worksheets. As a standard, this document contains requirements—”must”—and recommendations—”should”—to guide the user through the FMEA process. The FMEA process and documentation must comply with this standard as well as any corporate policy concerning this standard. Documented rationale and agreement with the customer are necessary for deviations in order to justify new work or changed methods during customer or third-party audit reviews.
Automotive Quality and Process Improvement Committee
The ice bath recommended herein is similar to that described in SAE AIR 46.* Some material not presented in AIR 46, including preferred dimensions, has been added.
E-32 Aerospace Propulsion Systems Health Management
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations for design and test requirements for a generic “passive” side stick that could be used for fly-by wire transport and business aircraft. It addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical and electrical interfaces The safety and certification requirements
A-6A3 Flight Control and Vehicle Management Systems Cmt
This SAE Recommended Practice was developed primarily for passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications. It addresses nonmetallic caps and both metallic and nonmetallic filler necks.
Cooling Systems Standards Committee
The thermocouple design recommended herein is presented as one for which the correction to the observed emf, because of thermal conduction along the stem and wires, is within the limits presented in the accompanying figure. On referring to the figure, it is seen that no restriction is placed upon the diameter of the thermocouple or stem, and the longitudinal dimensions are expressed in terms of wire and stem diameters. The type of stem, such as packed ceramic stock, refractory insulating tubing, etc., also is left open to choice. Thus the sizes of wires and supporting stems may be varied over wide ranges to match particular requirements where conduction errors are to be limited or controlled.
E-32 Aerospace Propulsion Systems Health Management
This recommended practice describes two methods for determining the tendency of interior materials used in automobiles and other vehicles to (a) produce a light scattering deposit (fog) on a glass surface, or (b) produce a measurable deposit (mass) on aluminum foil.
Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
This document describes a rigorous engineering test procedure that utilizes industry-accepted data collection and statistical analysis methods to determine the road load and to estimate the aerodynamic drag area of trucks and buses weighing more than 10000 pounds. The test procedure may be conducted on a test track or on a public road under controlled conditions and supported by extensive data collection and data analysis constraints. The estimated aerodynamic-drag-area result represents a single-speed and single-yaw-angle condition. Test results that do not rigorously follow the method described herein shall not be represented as an SAE J2978 result.
Truck and Bus Aerodynamics and Fuel Economy Committee
SAE J1978-1 specifies a complementary set of functions to be provided by an OBD-II scan tool. These functions provide complete, efficient, and safe access to all regulated OBD (on-board diagnostic) services on any vehicle which complies to SAE J1979. The content of this document is intended to satisfy the requirements of an OBD-II scan tool as required by current U.S. OBD regulations. This document specifies: A means of establishing communications between an OBD-equipped vehicle and an OBD-II scan tool. A set of diagnostic services to be provided by an OBD-II scan tool in order to exercise the services defined in SAE J1979. In addition, SAE J1978-1 covers first generation protocol functionality defined in SAE J1979 plus automatic protocol determination for all SAE J1979/J1979-2/J1979-3 application content. The presentation of the SAE J1978 document family, where SAE J1978-1 covers first generation protocol functionality defined in SAE J1979 and protocol determination for SAE J1979, SAE
Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice provides a method for determining the Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area (EPLLA) of a lamp function using design analysis. This standard was created to clarify and address how to determine EPLLA with traditional and new technologies.
Test Methods and Equipment Stds Committee
The scope of this SAE Recommended Practice is to promote compatibility between child restraint systems and vehicle seats and seat belts. Design guidelines are provided to vehicle manufacturers for certain characteristics of seats and seat belts and to child restraint system (CRS) manufacturers for corresponding CRS features so that each can be made more compatible with the other. The CRS accommodation fixture (see Figure 1) is used to represent a CRS to the designers of both the vehicle interior and the CRS for evaluation of each product for compatibility with the other. The features of the accommodation fixture are described as each is used.
Children's Restraint Systems Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to cover plastic safety glazing for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment. Nominal specifications for thickness, flatness, curvature, size, and fabrication details are presented principally for the guidance of body engineers and designers. For additional information on plastic safety glazing materials for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment, please refer to SAE J673.
Glazing Materials Standards Committee
Applies to hydraulic fluid power valves as applied to Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines defined in SAE J1116.
CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform procedures for testing BEVs that are capable of being operated on public and private roads. The procedure applies only to vehicles using batteries as their sole source of power. It is the intent of this document to provide standard tests that will allow for the determination of energy consumption and range for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) based on the federal test procedure (FTP) using the urban dynamometer driving cycle (UDDS) and the highway fuel economy driving schedule (HFEDS) and provide a flexible testing methodology that is capable of accommodating additional test cycles as needed. Additionally, this SAE Recommended Practice provides five-cycle testing guidelines for vehicles performing supplementary testing on the US06, SC03, and cold FTP procedures. Realistic alternatives should be allowed for new technology. Evaluations are based on the total vehicle system’s performance and not on subsystems apart from the vehicle.
Light Duty Vehicle Performance and Economy Measure Committee
This document covers external lighting for Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (E-VTOL) and Urban Air Mobility (UAM) vehicles. It discusses lights that may be installed both to meet regulatory requirements as well as for customer comfort and aircraft recognition. It also discusses the differences between UAM vehicles and other aircraft and how those differences impact the lighting.
A-20B Exterior Lighting Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes methods and identifies opportunities to sample used powder feedstock circulating within closed loop equipment of an additive manufacturing (AM) process for the purpose of showing conformance to a powder specification. Powder within the entirety of closed loop equipment cannot be represented by sampling and testing of discrete, in-process lots. Because powder processing (i.e., reconditioning, conveyance, and storage) is asynchronous with a build cycle, individual samples and their associated tests do not represent the totality of powder committed to a machine. Powder consumed as part of an individual build cycle may only represent a subset of feedstock in circulation within such equipment. Therefore, regular testing to substantiate conformance to a powder specification is required to assert conforming feedstock was consumed during individual build cycles of the AM workflow to fabricate parts or preforms. Operation of some
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides the user with standardized guidelines for the measurement of effective intensity of short pulse width strobe anticollision lights for aircraft in the laboratory, in maintenance facilities, and in the field. A common source of traceability for calibration of the measurement systems, compensation for known causes of variation in light output such as the use of colored lenses, and recommendations which minimize sources of errors and uncertainties are included in this document. Estimates of uncertainty and error sources for each class of measurement are discussed.
A-20B Exterior Lighting Committee
This procedure describes a method of measuring the resistance to wet color transfer of materials such as textiles, leather, and composites.
Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
This SAE Recommend Practice establishes for passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles with GVW of 4500 kg (10000 pounds) or less, as defined by the EPA, and M1 category vehicles, as defined by the European Commission:
Interior Climate Control Vehicle OEM Committee
This document provides guidance to using Rust in critical and safety-related software. The document summarizes how the usage of Rust supports in arguing safety according to ISO 26262 or RTCA DO-178C combined with RTCA DO-332. Cybersecurity best practices are referenced as these requirements largely overlap with those implemented for safety. As the Rust language is still evolving, this document targets the 2021 and 2024 editions of the language. Older or newer editions might require additional or changed rules and guidelines. Generally, the newest available edition of the language should be selected as newer editions remove ambiguities and outdated parts from the language.
Functional Safety Committee
This SAE J2971 Recommended Practice describes a standard naming convention of aerodynamic devices and technologies used to control aerodynamic forces on trucks and buses weighing more than 10000 pounds (including trailers).
Truck and Bus Aerodynamics and Fuel Economy Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice has been adopted by SAE to specify: a. A standard procedure for chassis dynamometer testing of heavy-duty road vehicles for the purpose of determining power delivered through the drive tires. b. A method of correcting observed power to reference test conditions. c. A method of analyzing the test data to determine if the test results are within expected power ranges.
Engine Power Test Code Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes an industrial battery, lead-acid type, for use in electric powered ground support equipment.
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
SAE J1939-75 defines the set of data parameters (SPs) and messages (PGs) for information predominantly associated with monitoring and control generators and driven equipment in electric power generation and industrial applications. The data parameters (SPs) and messages (PGs) previously published within this document are published in SAE J1939DA. Applications using the SAE J1939-75 document must refer to SAE J1939DA for the SAE J1939 parameters and messages for monitoring and controlling the power units, e.g., engines and turbines, that power the generators and driven industrial equipment.
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
This top-level document provides a general overview of the SAE J1939 network and describes the subordinate document structure. This document includes definitions of terms and abbreviations which are used among the various SAE J1939 subordinate documents.
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to provide the aerospace industry with recommendations concerning the minimization of stress corrosion cracking in wrought heat-treatable carbon and low-alloy steels and in austenitic, precipitation hardenable, and martensitic corrosion-resistant steels and alloys. The detailed recommendations are based on laboratory and field experience and reflect those design practices and fabrication procedures which should avoid in-service stress corrosion cracking.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice deals with electrostatic charge phenomena that may occur in automotive fuel systems and applies to the following: Fuels that are in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and are contained in vehicle fuel tanks that operate at or near atmospheric pressure. This includes gasoline and diesel fuels, as well as their blends with additives such as alcohols, esters, and ethers, whether the additives are petroleum based or bio-fuel based. The group of components that comprise the fuel system (in contact and not in contact with fuels). Other components in proximity to the fuel system that may be affected by electrostatic fields caused by the fuel system. Electrostatic phenomena that arise from, or are affected by, the following aspects of vehicle or fuel system operation: Flowing fuel in the fuel delivery system. Flowing fuel being dispensed to the vehicle while it is being fueled.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice defines a method for implementing a bidirectional, serial communications link over the vehicle power supply line among modules containing microcomputers. This document defines those parameters of the serial link that relate primarily to hardware and software compatibility such as interface requirements, system protocol, and message format that pertain to Power Line Communications (PLC) between Tractors and Trailers. This document defines a method of activating the trailer ABS Indicator Lamp that is located in the tractor.
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
The scope of this document is to define a test method for performing the Compression Stress Relaxation (CSR) Test with the Automotive Standard (ASD) or HP CSR Jig using the appropriate test fixtures, configurations, and procedures. This standard defines the equipment needed, guidelines for running the test, and the format for generating the results and analyzing the data.
Committee on Automotive Rubber Specs
This SAE Recommended Practice provides procedures and methods for testing service, spring applied parking, and combination brake actuators with respect to durability, function, and environmental performance. A minimum of six test units designated A, B, C, D, E, and F are to be used to perform all tests per 1.1 and 1.2.
Truck and Bus Brake Actuator Committee
This method is designed to evaluate the coking propensity of synthetic ester-based aviation lubricants under two phase air-oil mist conditions as found in certain parts of a gas turbine engine, for instance, bearing chamber vent lines. Based on the results from round robin data in 2008 to 2009 from four laboratories, this method is currently intended to provide a comparison between lubricants as a research tool; it is not currently a satisfactory pass/fail test.
E-34 Propulsion Lubricants Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice specifies the design and/or evaluation with the specific equipment, conditions, and methods for distributorless battery ignition systems intended for use in various internal combustion engines including automotive, marine, motorcycle, and utility engine applications. The test procedures listed in this document are limited to measurements performed on a test bench only and do not include measurements made directly on engines or vehicles. This standard is not intended to supply information for battery ignition systems used in aircraft applications of any type.
Ignition Standards Committee
This test method outlines a standard procedure for performing cyclic reversing load testing on oscillating sliding bearings. The wear data from these tests is to be used for qualification requirements and to establish bearing design criteria.
ACBG Plain Bearing Committee
This document provides vehicle-level data collection, data analysis, and data verification procedures that may be used to verify that an instrument under test (IUT) satisfies the vehicle-level requirements specified in the SAE International (SAE) J2945/1 standard. For the purposes of this recommended practice, “vehicle-level requirements” primarily consist of those requirements which can be verified external to the vehicle. The IUT for these procedures is a configured dedicated short range communications (DSRC) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) device as defined in SAE J2945/1 and is installed on a light vehicle. While the IUT is conceptually separated from the vehicle it is installed on, the tests outlined in this document are primarily vehicle-level so the terms “vehicle” and “IUT” can generally be considered interchangeable. Additionally, non-vehicle-level complementary tests, not included in this document, are required to verify that the entire set of requirements specified in SAE J2945/1
V2X Core Technical Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice provides a system for marking thermoset rubber parts to designate the general type of material from which the part was fabricated.
Committee on Automotive Rubber Specs
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to a decorative lamp(s) installed on the front of motor vehicles. This lamp(s) is intended only to be decorative and is not to impair the effectiveness of any required lighting device. This recommended practice establishes uniformity in use guidelines for the performance, installation, activation, and switching of a front decorative lamp(s).
Signaling and Marking Devices Stds Comm
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to airline trailer equipment with four wheel running gear pulled and steered through an integral tow bar, for use on airport ramps and other airport areas for transporting baggage, freight, and other materials. This ARP can apply to any airline/airport trailer chassis regardless of its equipment; the trailer bed can be designed to carry either bulk baggage/cargo, or a cargo unit load device by means of a rollerized conveyor system, or a piece of aircraft servicing equipment (e.g., ground power unit, air start unit, etc.).
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice describes the testing procedures that may be used to evaluate the integrity of ground ambulance-based occupant seating and occupant restraint systems for workers and civilians transported in the patient compartment of an ambulance when exposed to a frontal or side impact. This recommended practice was based on ambulance patient compartment dynamics and is not applicable to other vehicle applications or seating positions. This recommended practice is structured to accommodate seating systems installed in multiple attitudes including, but not limited to, side-facing, rear-facing, and forward-facing. Its purpose is to provide ambulance seating manufacturers, ambulance occupant restraint manufacturers, ambulance builders, and end users with testing procedures and, where appropriate, acceptance criteria that, to a great extent, ensures the occupant seating and occupant restraint system meet similar performance criteria as FMVSS 208 requires for seat belted
Truck Crashworthiness Committee
SAE J3078/6 specifies a test method for simulating solar heating in the laboratory and measuring the radiant heat energy from a natural or simulated source. It is applicable to off-road self-propelled work machines as defined in SAE J1116 and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry as defined in ANSI/ASAE S390.
HFTC6, Operator Accommodation
ADS-DVs promise to expand transportation options for individuals who have been historically underserved in personal transportation. However, for this to be truly realized, the unique needs of persons with disabilities (PWDs; including those who are deaf and hard of hearing, blind, have low vision, have upper body limitations, have lower body limitations, are wheelchair users, and have cognitive disabilities) should be understood at the design stage of vehicle development. This document presents a list of recommendations for use in the design and development of ADS-DVs based on the identified needs of PWDs. It considers the accessibility of services used to interact with the ADS-DV before the trip and the complete trip (including planning the trip and requesting the vehicle, determining a pickup location, finding the vehicle, authenticating the user, entering the vehicle, interacting with the vehicle while inside, determining a drop-off location, exiting the vehicle, and finding the
On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies dimensional and physical requirements of tow bar connections to tractor and aircraft (see Figure 1). It is applicable to all types of commercial transport category aircraft tow bar. The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to standardize tow bar attachments to airplane and tractor according to the mass category of the towed aircraft, so that one tow bar head with different shear levels can be used for all aircraft that are within the same mass category and are manufactured in compliance with AS1614 or ISO 8267.
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
The SAE J2923 procedure is a recommended practice that applies to on-road vehicles with a GVWR below 4540 kg equipped with disc brakes.
Brake Dynamometer Standards Committee
Define the test equipment and test procedures for measuring slip resistance for stepping, walking, and standing surfaces commonly used on heavy vehicles.
Truck and Bus Human Factors Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to mobile cranes when used in lifting crane service that are equipped with boom length indicating devices.
Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee
This document provides vehicle-level data collection, data analysis, and data verification procedures that may be used to verify that an instrument under test (IUT) satisfies the vehicle-level requirements specified in SAE J3161/1. For the purposes of this report, “vehicle-level requirements” primarily consist of those requirements which can be verified external to the vehicle. The IUT for these procedures is a configured LTE-V2X vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) device as defined in SAE J3161/1 and is installed on a vehicle of class 2, 3, 4, or 5. While the IUT is conceptually separated from the vehicle it is installed on, the tests outlined in this document are primarily vehicle level, so the terms “vehicle” and “IUT” can generally be considered interchangeable. Additionally, non-vehicle-level complementary tests, not included in this document, are required to verify that the entire set of requirements specified in SAE J3161/1 is satisfied. This document also includes a Traceability Matrix to
C-V2X Technical Committee
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