Results
This AIR provides information about the specific requirements for missile hydraulic pumps and their associated power sources.
This SAE Information Report identifies and defines the preferred technical guidelines relating to safety for vehicles that contain High Voltage (HV), such as Electric Vehicles (EV), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV) and Plug-In Fuel Cell Vehicles (PFCV) during normal operation and charging, as applicable. Guidelines in this document do not necessarily address maintenance, repair, or assembly safety issues.
This SAE Standard establishes a common basis for the evaluation of devices and equipment in vehicles against transient transmission by coupling via lines other than the power supply lines. The test demonstrates the immunity of the instrument, device, or equipment to coupled fast transient disturbances, such as those caused by switching of inductive loads, relay contact bouncing, etc. Two test methods are presented - Coupling Clamp and Chattering Relay.
This SAE Recommended Practice defines a method for evaluating the near field electric or magnetic component of the electromagnetic field at the surface of an integrated circuit (IC). This technique is capable of providing a detailed pattern of the RF sources internal to the IC. The resolution of the pattern is determined by the characteristics of the probes used and the precision of the mechanical probe positioner. The method is usable over the 10 MHz to 3 GHz frequency range with existing probe technology. The probe is mechanically scanned according to a programmed pattern in a plane parallel or perpendicular to the IC surface and the data is computer processed to provide a color-enhanced representation of field strength at the scan frequency. This procedure is applicable to measurements from an IC mounted on any circuit board that is accessible to the scan probe. For comparisons, the standardized test board shall be used. This diagnostic procedure is intended for IC architectural
This SAE Standard defines a component-level test procedure to evaluate automotive electrical and electronic components for Conducted Emissions of transients, and for other electromagnetic disturbances, along battery feed (B+) or switched ignition inputs of a Device Under Test (DUT). Test apparatus specifications outlined in this procedure were developed for components installed in the 12-V passenger cars, light trucks, 12 V heavy-duty trucks, and vehicles with 24 V systems.
This SAE Standard covers the recommended testing technique for determining the immunity of automotive electronic devices to magnetic fields generated by power transmission lines and generating stations.
This SAE Standard defines a method for evaluating the immunity of automotive electrical/electronic devices to radiated electromagnetic fields coupled to the vehicle wiring harness. The method, called Bulk Injection (BCI), uses a current probe to inject RF current from 1 to 400 MHz into the wiring harness of automotive devices. BCI is one of a number of test methods that can be used to simulate the electromagnetic field. For a list of others, see SAE J1113/1.
This part of SAE J1113 specifies test methods and procedures for testing electromagnetic immunity (of vehicle radiation sources) of electronic components for passenger cars and commercial vehicles. To perform this test method, the electronic module along with the wiring harness (prototype or standard test harness) and peripheral devices will be subjected to the electromagnetic disturbance generated inside an absorber-lined chamber. The electromagnetic disturbances considered in this part of SAE J1113 are limited to continuous narrowband electromagnetic fields. Immunity measurements of complete vehicles are generally only performed at the vehicle manufacturer. The reasons, for example, are high costs of a large absorber-lined chamber, preserving the secrecy of prototypes, or the large number of different vehicle models. Therefore, for research, development and quality control, a laboratory measuring method shall be applied by the manufacturers. Part 1 of SAE J1113 specifies the general
This measurement procedure defines a method for measuring the electromagnetic radiation from an integrated circuit (IC). The IC being evaluated is mounted on an IC test printed circuit board (PCB) that is clamped to a mating port (referred to as a wall port) cut in the top or bottom of a TEM or wideband TEM (GTEM) cell. The test board is not in the cell as in the conventional usage but becomes a part of the cell wall. This method is applicable to any TEM or GTEM cell modified to incorporate the wall port; however, the measured RF voltage is affected by the septum to test board (wall) spacing. This procedure was developed using a 1 GHz TEM cell with a septum to wall spacing of 45 mm and a GTEM cell with average septum to wall spacing of 45 mm over the port area. Other cells may not produce identical spectral output but may be used for comparative measurements, subject to their frequency and sensitivity limitations. A conversion factor may allow comparisons between data measured on TEM
This SAE Standard specifies the test methods and procedures necessary to evaluate electrical components intended for automotive use to the threat of Electrostatic Discharges (ESDs). It describes test procedures for evaluating electrical components on the bench in the powered mode and for the packaging and handling non-powered mode. A procedure for calibrating the simulator that is used for electrostatic discharges is given in Appendix A. An example of how to calculate the RC Time Constant is given in Appendix B Functional Performance Status Classifications for immunity to ESD and Sensitivity classifications for ESD sensitive devices are given in Appendix C.
This SAE Standard defines methods and apparatus to evaluate electronic devices for immunity to potential interference from conducted transients along battery feed or switched ignition inputs. Test apparatus specifications outlined in this procedure were developed for components installed in vehicles with 12-V systems (passenger cars and light trucks, 12-V heavy-duty trucks, and vehicles with 24-V systems). Presently, it is not intended for use on other input/output (I/O) lines of the device under test (DUT).
This SAE Standard covers the measurement of voltage transient immunity and within the applicable frequency ranges, audio (AF) and radio frequency (RF) immunity, and conducted and radiated emissions. By reference, ISO 11452-3, ISO 11452-7, ISO 11452-8, ISO 11452-10, ISO 11452-11, and the emissions portion of ISO 7637-2 are adopted in place of SAE J1113-24, SAE J1113-3, SAE J1113-22, SAE J1113-2, SAE J1113-28, and SAE J1113-42, respectively. In the event that an amendment is made or a new edition is published, the new ISO document shall become part of this standard six months after the publication of the ISO document. SAE reserves the right to identify exceptions to the published ISO document with the exceptions to be documented in SAE J1113-24, SAE J1113-3, SAE J1113-22, SAE J1113-2, SAE J1113-28, and SAE J1113-42 respectively. By reference, IEC CISPR 25 is adopted as the standard for the measurement of component emissions. In the event that an amendment is made or a new edition is
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines a standard method for the checkout and calibration of electromagnetic interference measurement antennas. Its primary application is for use when measuring a source 1 m from the antenna in a shield room versus a source at a greater distance (far field). This is the typical distance used in performing military EMC testing. Thus, this is a method of calibration. Shield room characteristics are not considered. It does not address an unknown distributed source. Yet it is close to reality since it is based on another antenna that represents a distributed source. This document presents a technique to determine antenna factors for antennas used primarily in performing measurements in accordance with 2.1 and 2.2. The purpose of Revision B is to include the calibration of other antennas, such as small loop antennas that are also specified for use in these same references. Revision D includes a specific procedure for loop antennas that are
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to specify the requirements necessary to fully define the Serial Data Communication Interface (SCI) used in the reprogramming of emission-related powertrain Electronic Control Units (ECU) in Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) vehicles. It is intended to satisfy new regulations proposed by the federal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resource Board (CARB) regulatory agencies regarding “pass-thru programming” of all On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) compliant emission-related powertrain devices. These requirements are necessary to provide independent automotive service organizations and after-market scan tool suppliers the ability to reprogram emission-related powertrain ECUs for all manufacturers of automotive vehicles. Specifically, this document details the SCI physical layer and SCI data link layer requirements necessary to establish communications between a diagnostic tester and an ECU. It further specifies additional
This SAE standard provides test procedures, performance requirements, design guidelines and installation guidelines for front fog lamps.
This SAE Standard applies to 145 mm nominal headlamp and floodlamp units.
The methods included in this document are: a Voltage-Temperature Design Margins. b Voltage Interruptions and Transients. c Voltage Dropouts and Dips. d Current Draw Under a Number of Conditions. e Switch Input Noise These methods are best applied during the Development stage but can be used at all stages (e.g., Pre-Qualification, Qualification or Conformity).
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a standardized interface that connects between a standard personal computer (PC) and vehicle. The purpose of this interface is to enable the reprogramming of emission-related control modules, in 2004 and later model year vehicles. The interface shall consist of the necessary hardware and/or software to support the requirements defined in this document. It is expected that vehicle manufacturers will provide the software application that will control the Pass-Thru Interface, to perform the actual reprogramming. The goal of this document is to ensure that reprogramming software from any vehicle manufacturer is compatible with interface supplied by any tool manufacturer. A common interface for all vehicle manufacturers reduces the tool costs for aftermarket garages, while allowing each vehicle manufacturer to control the programming sequence for the electronic control units (ECUs) in their vehicles. Aftermarket garages will be able to obtain a
This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for omnidirectional and selective coverage optical warning devices used on authorized emergency, maintenance, and service vehicles. It is intended to apply to, but is not limited to, surface land vehicles.
This SAE Standard provides installation requirements, test procedures, design guidelines, and performance requirements for backup/reversing lamp.
This SAE Standard provides a general method for defining the acceptable function performance status classification for the functions of automotive electronic devices upon application of the test conditions specified as described in appropriate EMC immunity test standards (for example, SAE J1113 and SAE J551). Testing of devices could be performed either on or off vehicles. Appropriate test signal and methods, Function Performance status, and test signal severity level would have to be specified in the individual cases.
The main purpose of this Recommended Practice is to verify that vehicles are capable of communicating a minimum subset of information, in accordance with the diagnostic test services specified in SAE J1979: E/E Diagnostic Test Modes, or the equivalent document ISO 15031-5: Communication Between Vehicle and External Equipment for Emissions-Related Diagnostics – Part 5: Emissions-related diagnostic services. Any software meeting these specifications will utilize the vehicle interface that is defined in SAE J2534, Recommended Practice for Pass-Thru Vehicle Programming.
This document addresses robustness of electrical/electronic modules for use in automotive applications. Where practical, methods of extrinsic reliability detection and prevention will also be addressed. This document primarily deals with electrical/electronic modules (EEMs), but can easily be adapted for use on mechatronics, sensors, actuators and switches. EEM qualification is the main scope of this document. Other procedures addressing random failures are specifically addressed in the CPI (Component Process Interaction) section 10. This document is to be used within the context of the Zero Defect concept for component manufacturing and product use. It is recommended that the robustness of semiconductor devices and other components used in the EEM be assured using SAE J1879 OCT2007, Handbook for Robustness Validation of Semiconductor Devices in Automotive Applications. The emphasis of this document is on hardware and manufacturing failure mechanisms, however, other contemporary issues
This SAE Information Report defines a procedure for indicating the severity of narrowband emissions from an electronic system-component.
The climatic, dynamic, and electrical environments from natural and vehicle-induced sources that influence the performance and reliability of vehicle and tractor/trailer electronic components, are included in this SAE Recommended Practice. Test methods that can be used to simulate these environmental conditions are also included. This information is applicable to diesel power trucks in Classes 6, 7, and 8.
This SAE Standard provides a general method for defining the function performance status classification for the functions of automotive electronic devices upon application of the test conditions specified as described in appropriate EMC test standards (for example, the SAE J1113 series and the SAE J551 series). Testing of devices could be performed either on or off vehicles. Appropriate test signal and methods, region of performance, and test signal severity level would have to be specified in the individual cases.
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the general physical, electrical, functional and performance requirements to facilitate conductive charging of EV/PHEV vehicles in North America. This document defines a common EV/PHEV and supply equipment vehicle conductive charging method including operational requirements and the functional and dimensional requirements for the vehicle inlet and mating connector.
This SAE Recommended Practice provides the lighting function identification codes for use on all passenger vehicles, trucks, trailers, motorcycles, and emergency vehicles.
This SAE Standard covers the measurement of voltage transient immunity and within the applicable frequency ranges, audio (AF) and radio frequency (RF) immunity, and conducted and radiated emissions. Emissions from intentional radiators are not controlled by this document. (See applicable appropriate regulatory documents.) The immunity of commercial mains powered equipment to over voltages and line transients is not covered by this document.
Vehicle electrical/electronic systems may be affected when immersed in an electromagnetic field generated by sources such as radio and TV broadcast stations, radar and communication sites, mobile transmitters, cellular phones, etc. The reverberation method is used to evaluate the immunity of electronic devices in the frequency range of 500 MHz to 2.0 GHz, with possible extensions to 200 MHz and 10 GHz, depending upon chamber size and construction. Optional pulse modulation testing at HIRF (High Intensity Radiated Fields) test levels, based upon currently known environmental threats, has been added to this revision of the standard. This document addresses the Mode Stir (Continuous Stirring) Reverberation testing method which has been successfully utilized as a design and production stage development tool for many years. The Mode Tuned (Stepped Tuner) Reverberation testing method is covered in the SAE J1113-28 document.
This part of SAE J1113 specifies the direct RF power injection test method and procedure for testing electromagnetic immunity of electronic components for passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The electromagnetic disturbances considered in this part of SAE J1113 are limited to continuous, narrowband conducted RF energy. This test method is applicable to all DUT leads except the RF reference ground. The test provides differential mode excitation to the DUT. Immunity measurements of complete vehicles are generally only possible by the vehicle manufacturer. The reasons, for example, are high costs of a large absorber-lined chamber, preserving the secrecy of prototypes or the large number of different vehicle models. Therefore, for research, development, and quality control, a laboratory measuring method for components shall be applied by the manufacturer. This method is suitable over the frequency range of 250 kHz to 400 MHz. This direct RF power injection test is particularly effective
This SAE Standard defines a method for evaluating the immunity of automotive electrical/electronic devices to radiated electromagnetic fields coupled to the vehicle wiring harness. The method, called Bulk Current Injection (BCI), uses a current probe to inject RF current from 1 to 400 MHz into the wiring harness of automotive devices. BCI is one of a number of test methods that can be used to simulate the electromagnetic field. For a list of others, see SAE J1113/1.
This SAE Standard specifies the test methods and procedures for vehicle components to determine the components immunity to radiated magnetic fields.
This document is an SAE Standard and covers the requirements for determining the immunity characteristics of automotive electronic equipment, subsystems, and systems to EM energy injected individually onto each lead. This test may be used over the frequency range of 15 Hz to 250 kHz. The method is applicable to all input, output, and power leads. The method is particularly useful in evaluating DUTs with acoustic or visible display functions.
This SAE Standard establishes the requirements for a Class B Data Communication Network Interface applicable to all On- and Off-Road Land-Based Vehicles. It defines a minimum set of data communication requirements such that the resulting network is cost effective for simple applications and flexible enough to use in complex applications. Taken in total, the requirements contained in this document specify a data communications network that satisfies the needs of automotive manufacturers. This specification describes two specific implementations of the network, based on media/Physical Layer differences. One Physical Layer is optimized for a data rate of 10.4 Kbps while the other Physical Layer is optimized for a data rate of 41.6 Kbps (see Appendix A for a checklist of application-specific features). The Physical Layer parameters are specified as they would be detected on the network media, not within any particular module or integrated circuit implementation. Although devices may be
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a uniform practice for protecting vehicle components from "unauthorized" access through a vehicle data link connector (DLC). The document defines a security system for motor vehicle and tool manufacturers. It will provide flexibility to tailor systems to the security needs of the vehicle manufacturer. The vehicle modules addressed are those that are capable of having solid state memory contents accessed or altered through the data link connector. Improper memory content alteration could potentially damage the electronics or other vehicle modules; risk the vehicle compliance to government legislated requirements; or risk the vehicle manufacturer's security interests. This document does not imply that other security measures are not required nor possible.
This SAE Recommended Practice defines the test conditions, procedures, and performance specifications for 6- and 12-v stop lamp switches intended for use on motorcycles.
This Technical Information Report defines the diagnostic communication protocol TP2.0. This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface. Some Volkswagen of America and Audi of America vehicles are equipped with ECU(s), in which a TP2.0 proprietary diagnostic communication protocol is implemented. The purpose of this document is to specify the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface.
This SAE Standard establishes test methods for the evaluation of devices and equipment in vehicles against transient transmission by coupling via lines other than the power supply lines. The test methods demonstrates the immunity of the instrument, device, or equipment to coupled fast transient disturbances, such as those caused by switching of inductive loads, relay contact bouncing, etc. Four test methods are presented in SAE J1113-12: the capacitive coupling clamp (CCC) method the direct capacitive coupling (DCC) method the inductive coupling clamp (ICC) method the capacitive/inductive coupling (CIC) method
Vehicle electrical/electronic systems may be affected when immersed in an electromagnetic field generated by sources such as radio and TV broadcast stations, radar and communication sites, mobile transmitters, cellular phones, etc. This part of SAE J551 specifies off-vehicle radiated source test methods and procedures for testing passenger cars and commercial vehicles within a Reverberation Chamber. The method is used to evaluate the immunity of vehicle mounted electronic devices in the frequency range of 80 MHz to 2 GHz, with possible extensions 20 MHz to 10 GHz, depending upon chamber size and construction. Three methods for calibrating and applying electromagnetic fields are described in the document: 1) Mode Tuned Reverberation Chamber method, 2) Mode Stir (Standard) Reverberation Chamber method and 3) Mode Stir (Hybrid) Reverberation Chamber method. Optional pulse modulation testing at HIRF (High Intensity Radiated Fields) test levels, based upon currently known environmental
This SAE Standard defines methods and apparatus to evaluate electronic devices for immunity to potential interference from conducted transients along battery feed or switched ignition inputs. Test apparatus specifications outlined in this procedure were developed for components installed in vehicles with 12-V systems (passenger cars and light trucks, 12-V heavy-duty trucks, and vehicles with 24-V systems). Presently, it is not intended for use on other input/output (I/O) lines of the device under test (DUT).
This SAE Standard specifies the ESD test methods and procedures necessary to evaluate electronic modules intended for vehicle use. It describes test procedures for evaluating electronic modules in complete vehicles. A procedure for verifying the simulator that is used to generate the electrostatic discharges is given in Appendix A. Functional status classifications for immunity to ESD are given in Appendix B.
This document contains a "sample" Control Plan with explanations as to the intended content of various sections. It also can serve as a sample technical construction file as specified by the European EMC Directive.
This AIR was prepared to inform the aerospace industry about the electromagnetic interference measurement capability of spectrum analyzers. The spectrum analyzers considered are of the wide dispersion type which are electronically tuned over an octave or wider frequency range. The reason for limiting the AIR to this type of spectrum analyzer is that several manufacturers produce them as general-purpose instruments, and their use for EMI measurement will give significant time and cost savings. The objective of the AIR is to give a description of the spectrum analyzers, consider the analyzer parameters, and describe how the analyzers are usable for collection of EMI data. The operator of a spectrum analyzer should be thoroughly familiar with the analyzer and the technical concepts reviewed in this AIR before performing EMI measurements.
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