Volumetric Efficiency and Pumping Torque Estimation and Compressor Recirculation Control of Turbocharged Engines

This paper presents three sub-models of production Engine Management Systems software for turbocharged engines; 1) new load variable for volumetric efficiency modelling, 2) new pumping torque model, where 1) and 2) both solve non-monotonic behavior of traditional techniques for active boost controlled engines, 3) Compressor Recirculation Control requiring only the compressor surge-line for calibration.