Laser Interferometry to Investigate the Strain and Stress State of Details and Units of Heat Engines

The article is devoted to laser interferometry technology for investigating the strain and stress state (SSS) of heat engine details and units. It is an efficient alternative to traditional technologies based on using strain gauges. It has been shown that the use of traditional technologies to experimentally investigate the SSS of heat engine complex details when using the strain gauges requires a significant amount of research and time. Thus, deploying physical effects previously not used for solving similar problems is a perspective research direction that includes laser interferometry technology. The article deals with its use to experimentally investigate the SSS of complex details, such as a crankcase block of an internal combustion engine (ICE).

Laser interferometry research is based on the use of holographic interferometry, speckle photography, electronic speckle pattern interferometry, and modern methods of computer simulation. The article goes on to say that to achieve the aim and solve the tasks of the research, it is necessary to

1. i
   Develop the scientific research methodology and methods of its implementation with a wide variety of computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)/computer-aided engineering (CAE) hardware and software use in all stages of the heat engine modeling, design, and production.
2. ii
   Develop suitable devices (sensors, systems of physical parameter recording and database creation systems, etc.), and as a result—develop a research hardware and software system.
3. iii
   Create a database to verify computer models of the research objects.

The article shows that the suggested methodology and tools for its implementation to analyze the SSS of heat engine complex details have high information capacity and accuracy of determining displacement/deformation. Thus, for example, the deformation field of the ICE crankcase block affected by the internal pressure was registered as small as 0.1 microns. The information provided in the article makes it possible to state the high efficiency of using the research methodology and methods of its implementation for heat engine development and modernization.