Immersion Cooling for Lithium-Ion Batteries at High Discharging Rates

Features
Authors Abstract
Content
The high-performance electric sports cars market is expected to register rapid development in the next years, driven by a different attitude of racing enthusiasts toward electric vehicles. The improvements in battery technology are reinforcing consumer confidence and interest in electric sports vehicles, making them more attractive to enthusiasts and accelerating their adoption. Batteries have been used in high heat generation conditions more often with fast charging and discharging. Therefore, the need for more advanced battery thermal management systems (BTMS) has been increasing in recent years. Vegetable oil, owing to its unique availability and biodegradability, is considered as a viable alternative to fossil fuel-based cooling fluids in immersion cooling systems. In the present work, the feasibility of using vegetable oil in immersion cooling under high discharge conditions is studied by comparing it with four types of fossil fuel-based cooling fluids. Immersion cooling was applied to an 8S3P battery module, and the cooling performance of the battery module at high discharging rates was studied by using five different types of dielectric coolants. The immersion cooling model of battery module has been built, and the cooling performance with different types of coolants at high discharging rates (4C, 6C, and 8C) has been analyzed. The effect of coolant flow rate on battery cooling performance was also studied. To make a comprehensive evaluation on the coolants used for immersion cooling at high discharging rates, an analysis was conducted by assessing power consumption and temperature uniformity. Cooling efficiency, power consumption, and temperature uniformity were considered in coolant selection, and coolant flow rate had a significant effect on coolant selection. This study can provide a guidance for the design of BTMS with immersion cooling in electric vehicle applications.
Meta TagsDetails
DOI
https://doi.org/10.4271/14-14-02-0012
Pages
28
Citation
Hong, H., Song, X., Shi, X., d’Apolito, L. et al., "Immersion Cooling for Lithium-Ion Batteries at High Discharging Rates," SAE Int. J. Elec. Veh. 14(2), 2025, https://doi.org/10.4271/14-14-02-0012.
Additional Details
Publisher
Published
May 29
Product Code
14-14-02-0012
Content Type
Journal Article
Language
English