Fuel injectors capable of rapidly electrically heating ethanol
for cold starts below ethanol's flash point temperature have
been developed for the Brazilian transportation market. These
injectors also enable the enleanment of 20°C cold start fueling,
which has shown to reduce FTP bag emissions. Initial E-100
vehicular emission test results were published in SAE paper
2009-01-0615 and presented during the 2009 SAE Congress. Further
development has shown that heated injector systems can enable
emission reductions with a variety of automotive fuels.
Engine control strategies which make use of heated injector
systems, along with corresponding test results, are presented and
discussed.
