Emission Reduction with Heated Injectors

Fuel injectors capable of rapidly electrically heating ethanol for cold starts below ethanol's flash point temperature have been developed for the Brazilian transportation market. These injectors also enable the enleanment of 20°C cold start fueling, which has shown to reduce FTP bag emissions. Initial E-100 vehicular emission test results were published in SAE paper 2009-01-0615 and presented during the 2009 SAE Congress. Further development has shown that heated injector systems can enable emission reductions with a variety of automotive fuels.

Engine control strategies which make use of heated injector systems, along with corresponding test results, are presented and discussed.