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Multi body dynamic simulation of tyre traction trailer
- Technical Paper
- 2019-28-2430
Published
2019-11-21
by SAE International in United States
Tyre Traction Trailer is a device designed to find the Peak Brake co-efficient of C2 and C3 tyre as per ECE R117. The trailer is towed by the truck and is braked suddenly to evaluate braking co-efficient of specimen tyre. It is a single wheel trailer equipped with load cell to capture tire loads (Normal and longitudinal)while braking. Traction Trailer is modelled in MSC Adams and rigid body simulation is carried out for static stability of the system. Dynamic simulations were performed to understand locking of wheels during braking. Body frame was further modelled as flex body to perform structural analysis of the frame. The paper contains stress and deformation plots of trailer Structure under various loading conditions, change in Centre of gravity, weight transfer and forces on springs during braking and cornering, plots of tractive and normal load on tyre during braking.
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Effect of variable payload on Vehicle dynamics of Passenger buses in Indian usage conditions
- Technical Paper
- 2019-28-2411
Published
2019-11-21
by SAE International in United States
A high impetus from Government on road infrastructure development, is giving a fillip to passenger CV space. This has resulted in making the passenger CV segment lucrative enough, thereby pulling in many operators in the business. The quality of road has immensely improved over a decade, as a result of which the average speed and hence the quantum of distance covered by passenger buses has increased significantly. People are preferring to travel in buses over trains, owing to at par ticket cost, high availability, reduced travel time and also improved level of comfort. Aligned to the market need and the trend, OEM's are offering buses with capable powertrains to cater the need of speed, reduced trip time as well as a lot of attention is also being paid to tune in the comfort level for long hauls. A big chunk of passenger travel is catered by the bus operators especially during major festivals in India. However, the passenger demand is not so consistent in this industry due to seasonality and hence is the operator earnings,…
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The Dynamic Stability Index Calculator for Agricultural Tractors Equipped with Front End Loader
- Technical Paper
- 2019-28-2420
Published
2019-11-21
by SAE International in United States
The study aims to evaluate the lateral stability of tractor-front end loader system in consideration with difficult work conditions based on various loader bucket lifting heights from ground while driving a system on transversal slopes. In the proposed method the centre of gravity of tractor-front end loader system was calculated and analysed to evaluate the transversal overturning of the system. This overturning of the system was analysed by applying mathematical equations presented in past studies and compared with the newly developed prediction model for 3 test tractors of 25 HP. The excel spreadsheet comprised of mathematical equations used to calculate the Tractor Stability Index (TSI) on transverse slope with respect to loader bucket height and payload in dynamic condition. A criterion has been defined to categorize the Tractor Stability Index (TSI) poor to excellent on a scale of 0 to 4 where <0 being the very poor, 0-2 Poor, 2-4 Good and >4 being the excellent. It was observed that the centre of gravity of the system became lower after lowering the loader bucket closer…
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Performance Standard for Child Restraint Systems in Transport Category Airplanes
- Aerospace Standard
- AS5276/1
- Current
Published
2019-10-31
by SAE International in United States
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines minimum performance standards and related qualification criteria for add-on child restraint systems (CRS) which provide protection for small children in passenger seats of transport category airplanes. The AS is not intended to provide design criteria that could be met only by an aircraft-specific CRS. The goal of this standard is to achieve child-occupant protection by specifying a dynamic test method and evaluation criteria for the performance of CRS under emergency landing conditions.
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Towing Equipment Ratings and Practices
- Ground Vehicle Standard
- J2512_201910
- Current
Published
2019-10-24
by SAE International in United States
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to all trucks that are equipped with armlift bodies, carrier bodies, wheel lift bodies, wrecker, and underlift bodies. Additional rating methods are provided for tow slings, truck hitches, and chain assemblies.
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Aircraft New Tire Standard - Bias and Radial
- Aerospace Standard
- AS4833A
- Current
Published
2019-10-17
by SAE International in United States
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) sets forth criteria for the selection and verification processes to be followed in providing tires that will be suitable for intended use on civil aircraft. This document encompasses new and requalified radial and bias aircraft tires.
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Vehicle Lift Points for Service Garage Lifting
- Ground Vehicle Standard
- J2184_201910
- Current
Published
2019-10-16
by SAE International in United States
This SAE Standard is directed at the proper communication of the lift points on the vehicle frame or underbody to commercial service personnel for the purpose of raising passenger vehicles, light trucks, and vans completely off the shop floor. To this end, vehicle manufacturers are guided in the proper design of a lift point label and lift points located on the body/frame for use by service garages.
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Setting Preload in Heavy-Duty Wheel Bearings
- Ground Vehicle Standard
- J2535_201910
- Current
Published
2019-10-07
by SAE International in United States
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to the four primary, large volume applications in the class 7-8 heavy-duty market place, as specified in SAE J1842: a “N” trailer axle b “R” powered rear axle c “FF / FG” nonpowered front axle d “P” trailer axle This document applies to on-highway applications. It is not applicable to those applications that exceed the GAWR ratings or the load line restrictions listed in columns “A,” “B,” and “C” of Table 1. Load lines are measured from the inboard bearing cup backface as shown in 3.4. This document establishes preload force values only. The methodology to obtain these force values must be determined by the fastener supplier and/or axle assembler. This document reviews the bearing system. It is NOT intended to prescribe (new or existing) axle and/or hub manufacturers’ ratings and/or specifications.
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Method for Predicting Lateral Attenuation of Airplane Noise
- Aerospace Standard
- AIR5662
- Current
Published
2019-10-04
by SAE International in United States
This document describes analytical methods for calculating the attenuation of the level of the sound propagating from an airplane to locations on the ground and to the side of the flight path of an airplane during ground roll, climbout after liftoff, and landing operations. Both level and non-level ground scenarios may be modeled using these methods, however application is only directly applicable to terrain without significant undulations, which may cause multiple reflections and/or multiple shielding effects. This attenuation is termed lateral attenuation and is in excess of the attenuation from wave divergence and atmospheric absorption. The methods for calculating the lateral attenuation of the sound apply to: turbofan-powered transport-category airplanes with engines mounted at the rear of the fuselage (on the sides of the fuselage or in the center of the fuselage as well as on the sides) or under the wings propeller-driven transport-category or general-aviation airplanes propagation over ground surfaces that may be considered to be “acoustically soft” such as lawn or field grass situations where the terrain to the sides of the flight…
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Motor Vehicle Seating Systems
- Ground Vehicle Standard
- J879B_201910
- Current
Published
2019-10-02
by SAE International in United States
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform test procedures and certain minimum performance requirements for motor vehicle seats and seat adjusters. It is limited to tests that can be conducted on uniform test fixtures and equipment available in commercial laboratory test facilities. This practice includes a minimum requirement for horizontal forward loads encountered in vehicle forward impacts, and horizontal loads obtained by impacting the vehicle from the rear. The requirements and test procedures in this recommended practice reflect current technology and industry experience. It is intended to subject this recommended practice to a continuing review and revision as technology advances and experience is expanded.