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This AIR provides information about the specific requirements for missile hydraulic pumps and their associated power sources.
This SAE Information Report identifies and defines the preferred technical guidelines relating to safety for vehicles that contain High Voltage (HV), such as Electric Vehicles (EV), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV) and Plug-In Fuel Cell Vehicles (PFCV) during normal operation and charging, as applicable. Guidelines in this document do not necessarily address maintenance, repair, or assembly safety issues.
This document addresses robustness of electrical/electronic modules for use in automotive applications. Where practical, methods of extrinsic reliability detection and prevention will also be addressed. This document primarily deals with electrical/electronic modules (EEMs), but can easily be adapted for use on mechatronics, sensors, actuators and switches. EEM qualification is the main scope of this document. Other procedures addressing random failures are specifically addressed in the CPI (Component Process Interaction) section 10. This document is to be used within the context of the Zero Defect concept for component manufacturing and product use. It is recommended that the robustness of semiconductor devices and other components used in the EEM be assured using SAE J1879 OCT2007, Handbook for Robustness Validation of Semiconductor Devices in Automotive Applications. The emphasis of this document is on hardware and manufacturing failure mechanisms, however, other contemporary issues
This SAE Standard specifies the ESD test methods and procedures necessary to evaluate electronic modules intended for vehicle use. It describes test procedures for evaluating electronic modules in complete vehicles. A procedure for verifying the simulator that is used to generate the electrostatic discharges is given in Appendix A. Functional status classifications for immunity to ESD are given in Appendix B.
This SAE Standard provides installation requirements, test procedures, design guidelines, and performance requirements for backup/reversing lamp.
This SAE Recommended Practice defines the test conditions, procedures, and performance specifications for 6- and 12-v stop lamp switches intended for use on motorcycles.
This document establishes the minimum training and qualification requirements for ground-based aircraft deicing methods and procedures. All guidelines referred to herein are applicable only in conjunction with the applicable documents. Due to aerodynamic and other concerns, the application of deicing fluids shall be carried out in compliance with engine and aircraft manufacturers’ recommendations. The scope of training should be adjusted according to local demands. There are a wide variety of winter seasons and differences of the involvement between deicing operators, and therefore, the level and length of training should be adjusted accordingly. However, the minimum level of training shall be covered in all cases. As a rule of thumb, the amount of time spent in practical training should equal or exceed the amount of time spent in classroom training.
This document contains a "sample" Control Plan with explanations as to the intended content of various sections. It also can serve as a sample technical construction file as specified by the European EMC Directive.
This measurement procedure defines a method for measuring the electromagnetic radiation from an integrated circuit (IC). The IC being evaluated is mounted on an IC test printed circuit board (PCB) that is clamped to a mating port (referred to as a wall port) cut in the top or bottom of a TEM or wideband TEM (GTEM) cell. The test board is not in the cell as in the conventional usage but becomes a part of the cell wall. This method is applicable to any TEM or GTEM cell modified to incorporate the wall port; however, the measured RF voltage is affected by the septum to test board (wall) spacing. This procedure was developed using a 1 GHz TEM cell with a septum to wall spacing of 45 mm and a GTEM cell with average septum to wall spacing of 45 mm over the port area. Other cells may not produce identical spectral output but may be used for comparative measurements, subject to their frequency and sensitivity limitations. A conversion factor may allow comparisons between data measured on TEM
This SAE Standard defines methods and apparatus to evaluate electronic devices for immunity to potential interference from conducted transients along battery feed or switched ignition inputs. Test apparatus specifications outlined in this procedure were developed for components installed in vehicles with 12-V systems (passenger cars and light trucks, 12-V heavy-duty trucks, and vehicles with 24-V systems). Presently, it is not intended for use on other input/output (I/O) lines of the device under test (DUT).
Vehicle electrical/electronic systems may be affected when immersed in an electromagnetic field generated by sources such as radio and TV broadcast stations, radar and communication sites, mobile transmitters, cellular phones, etc. The reverberation method is used to evaluate the immunity of electronic devices in the frequency range of 500 MHz to 2.0 GHz, with possible extensions to 200 MHz and 10 GHz, depending upon chamber size and construction. Optional pulse modulation testing at HIRF (High Intensity Radiated Fields) test levels, based upon currently known environmental threats, has been added to this revision of the standard. This document addresses the Mode Stir (Continuous Stirring) Reverberation testing method which has been successfully utilized as a design and production stage development tool for many years. The Mode Tuned (Stepped Tuner) Reverberation testing method is covered in the SAE J1113-28 document.
Vehicle electrical/electronic systems may be affected when immersed in an electromagnetic field generated by sources such as radio and TV broadcast stations, radar and communication sites, mobile transmitters, cellular phones, etc. This part of SAE J551 specifies off-vehicle radiated source test methods and procedures for testing passenger cars and commercial vehicles within a Reverberation Chamber. The method is used to evaluate the immunity of vehicle mounted electronic devices in the frequency range of 80 MHz to 2 GHz, with possible extensions 20 MHz to 10 GHz, depending upon chamber size and construction. Three methods for calibrating and applying electromagnetic fields are described in the document: 1) Mode Tuned Reverberation Chamber method, 2) Mode Stir (Standard) Reverberation Chamber method and 3) Mode Stir (Hybrid) Reverberation Chamber method. Optional pulse modulation testing at HIRF (High Intensity Radiated Fields) test levels, based upon currently known environmental
The methods included in this document are: a Voltage-Temperature Design Margins. b Voltage Interruptions and Transients. c Voltage Dropouts and Dips. d Current Draw Under a Number of Conditions. e Switch Input Noise These methods are best applied during the Development stage but can be used at all stages (e.g., Pre-Qualification, Qualification or Conformity).
This AIR was prepared to inform the aerospace industry about the electromagnetic interference measurement capability of spectrum analyzers. The spectrum analyzers considered are of the wide dispersion type which are electronically tuned over an octave or wider frequency range. The reason for limiting the AIR to this type of spectrum analyzer is that several manufacturers produce them as general-purpose instruments, and their use for EMI measurement will give significant time and cost savings. The objective of the AIR is to give a description of the spectrum analyzers, consider the analyzer parameters, and describe how the analyzers are usable for collection of EMI data. The operator of a spectrum analyzer should be thoroughly familiar with the analyzer and the technical concepts reviewed in this AIR before performing EMI measurements.
This document is an SAE Standard and covers the requirements for determining the immunity characteristics of automotive electronic equipment, subsystems, and systems to EM energy injected individually onto each lead. This test may be used over the frequency range of 15 Hz to 250 kHz. The method is applicable to all input, output, and power leads. The method is particularly useful in evaluating DUTs with acoustic or visible display functions.
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the recommended testing techniques for the determination of electric field immunity of an automotive electronic device when the device and its wiring harness is exposed to a power line electric field. This technique uses a parallel plate field generator and a high voltage, low current voltage source to produce the field.
This Technical Information Report defines the diagnostic communication protocol TP2.0. This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface. Some Volkswagen of America and Audi of America vehicles are equipped with ECU(s), in which a TP2.0 proprietary diagnostic communication protocol is implemented. The purpose of this document is to specify the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface.
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to specify the requirements necessary to fully define the Serial Data Communication Interface (SCI) used in the reprogramming of emission-related powertrain Electronic Control Units (ECU) in Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) vehicles. It is intended to satisfy new regulations proposed by the federal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resource Board (CARB) regulatory agencies regarding “pass-thru programming” of all On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) compliant emission-related powertrain devices. These requirements are necessary to provide independent automotive service organizations and after-market scan tool suppliers the ability to reprogram emission-related powertrain ECUs for all manufacturers of automotive vehicles. Specifically, this document details the SCI physical layer and SCI data link layer requirements necessary to establish communications between a diagnostic tester and an ECU. It further specifies additional
This SAE Information Report defines a procedure for indicating the severity of narrowband emissions from an electronic system-component.
This Technical Information Report defines the diagnostic communication protocol Keyword Protocol 1281 (KWP1281). This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface. Some Volkswagen of America and Audi of America vehicles are equipped with ECUs, in which a KWP1281 proprietary diagnostic communication protocol is implemented. The purpose of this document is to specify the KWP1281 protocol in enough detail to support the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface device.
This Technical Information Report defines the proprietary diagnostic communication protocol for ABS or VSA ECU (Electronic Control Unit) implemented on some Honda vehicles. This protocol does not apply to all Honda vehicles. This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an enhanced SAE J2534 interface. The purpose of this document is to specify the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an enhanced SAE J2534 interface.
This SAE Standard specifies the test methods and procedures necessary to evaluate electrical components intended for automotive use to the threat of Electrostatic Discharges (ESDs). It describes test procedures for evaluating electrical components on the bench in the powered mode and for the packaging and handling non-powered mode. A procedure for calibrating the simulator that is used for electrostatic discharges is given in Appendix A. An example of how to calculate the RC Time Constant is given in Appendix B Functional Performance Status Classifications for immunity to ESD and Sensitivity classifications for ESD sensitive devices are given in Appendix C.
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to motor vehicle signaling and marking devices which use light generated by a discharge source. This document provides test methods, requirements, and guidelines applicable to the unique characteristics of discharge lighting systems and their components. These are in addition to those required for signal and marking devices. This document is intended to be a guide to standard practice and is subject to change to reflect additional experience and technical advances.
This standard provides test methods and requirements for snowmobile headlamps.
Headlamps should illuminate the traffic scene ahead of the vehicle in such a way that the driver can operate the vehicle safely and in a relaxed manner. At the same time, negative effects on drivers of other vehicles, pedestrians and other people should be minimized. Various technical parameters such as beam pattern, mounting height, headlamp aiming, and source spectrum can be tuned to find the necessary compromise. The physiology of the vision system under specific night time conditions strongly influences these factors and how headlamps can be best optimized for visibility and comfort. The SAE Improved Roadway Illumination task force collected and reviewed relevant research on these topics. This document is a comprehensive summary of this information. The goal is to enable lighting experts, advocacy groups, and non-experts (journalists, consumer organizations, car drivers) to better understand the benefits and tradeoffs of improved roadway lighting with modern headlamp technology. It
This SAE Recommended Practice provides test procedures, performance requirements, and guidelines for cleaners intended for use on motor vehicles.
This SAE Recommended Practice provides test procedures, requirements, and guidelines for rear cornering lamps for use on vehicles less than 9.1 m in overall length.
This SAE Recommended Practice describes requirements for lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment for signaling to enable safe operation in darkness and other conditions of reduced visibility.
This SAE Standard provides design parameters and general requirements for motorcycle turn signal lamps. It does not apply to mopeds.
This SAE Recommended Practice provides test procedures, requirements, and guidelines for high-mounted stop lamps intended for use on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width. This document applies to trucks, motor coaches, van type trailers, and other vehicles with permanent structure greater than 2.8 m high. This document does not apply to school buses, truck tractors, pole trailers, flat-bed trailers, and trailer converter dollies. The purpose of the high-mounted stop lamp or lamps is to provide a signal over intervening vehicles to the driver of following vehicles.
This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for stop arm lamp devices on school bus vehicles which are used to alert traffic to stop when passengers are loading and unloading
This technical report provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for flashing incandescent warning lamps. It is intended to apply to, but is not limited to, surface land vehicles.
This SAE Recommended Practice defines a method for evaluating the near field electric or magnetic component of the electromagnetic field at the surface of an integrated circuit (IC). This technique is capable of providing a detailed pattern of the RF sources internal to the IC. The resolution of the pattern is determined by the characteristics of the probes used and the precision of the mechanical probe positioner. The method is usable over the 10 MHz to 3 GHz frequency range with existing probe technology. The probe is mechanically scanned according to a programmed pattern in a plane parallel or perpendicular to the IC surface and the data is computer processed to provide a color-enhanced representation of field strength at the scan frequency. This procedure is applicable to measurements from an IC mounted on any circuit board that is accessible to the scan probe. For comparisons, the standardized test board shall be used. This diagnostic procedure is intended for IC architectural
This recommended practice provides test methods and requirements for the stop lamp on snowmobiles.
This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all light-duty and medium-duty passenger vehicles and trucks with feedback fuel control system. Specific applications of this document include diagnostic, service and repair manuals, repair databases, and off-board readout devices. This document focuses on a diagnostic code format and code messages for automotive electronic control systems. The use and appropriate updating of this document is strongly encouraged; however, this document does not prohibit the use of additional codes for additional diagnostics.
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a uniform practice for protecting vehicle components from "unauthorized" access through a vehicle data link connector (DLC). The document defines a security system for motor vehicle and tool manufacturers. It will provide flexibility to tailor systems to the security needs of the vehicle manufacturer. The vehicle modules addressed are those that are capable of having solid state memory contents accessed or altered through the data link connector. Improper memory content alteration could potentially damage the electronics or other vehicle modules; risk the vehicle compliance to government legislated requirements; or risk the vehicle manufacturer's security interests. This document does not imply that other security measures are not required nor possible.
This SAE Standard applies to 145 mm nominal headlamp and floodlamp units.
This SAE Standard provides performance and general design requirements and related test procedures for headlamps for use on industrial wheeled equipment that may be operated on public roads.
This document contains a "sample" Control Plan with explanations as to the intended content of various sections. It also can serve as a sample technical construction file as specified by the European EMC Directive.
This recommended practice provides test methods and requirements to evaluate the suitability of plastic materials intended for optical applications in motor vehicles. These tests determine physical and optical characteristics of the material only. This recommended practice is not intended to cover the performance of plastics when molded and installed in a finished assembly. Performance expectations of such a finished assembly including its plastic components are to be based on tests of lamps, and so forth, as specified in SAE Standards and Recommended Practices for motor vehicle lighting lamps and reflectors.
This SAE Recommended Practice pertains to both battery-equipped and batteryless motorcycle electrical systems.
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