Results
This document provides recommendations involving BEV battery data retention and battery design that enhance the potential for BEV battery reuse and serviceability and that can improve recyclability. These recommendations have been developed by a group of professionals skilled in the secondary-use of batteries and in the research, development, and manufacture of BEV batteries and battery systems.
This SAE Information Report SAE J2836/6 establishes use cases for communication between plug-in electric vehicles and the EVSE for wireless energy transfer as specified in SAE J2954. It addresses the requirements for communications between the on-board charging system and the wireless EV supply equipment (WEVSE) in support of detection of the WEVSE, the charging process, and monitoring of the charging process. Since the communication to the charging infrastructure and the power grid for smart charging will also be communicated by the WEVSE to the EV over the wireless interface, these requirements are also covered. However, the processes and procedures are expected to be identical to those specified for V2G communications specified in SAE J2836/1. Where relevant, the specification notes interactions that may be required between the vehicle and vehicle operator, but does not formally specify them. Similarly, communications between the on-board charging sub-system and the on-board vehicle
This specification covers a blend of chromium carbide and a nickel-chromium alloy in the form of powder.
The automotive air-conditioning service ports task force conducted a field survey with MACS (Mobile Air Climate Systems Association) in June 2021. The scope of this survey was to determine the types of failures reported primarily at member service shops related to automotive air-conditioning service ports.
This Information Report relates to a special class of automotive adaptive equipment which consists of modifications to the power brake booster systems provided as original equipment of motor vehicles. These modifications are generically called "Reduced Effort Power Brakes" (REPB) The purpose of the modification is to lower the amount of driver effort required to apply the brakes. Retention of reliability, ease of use and maintainability for disabled drivers, passengers, and the general public is of primary concern. Reduced Effort Power Brake modifications should be qualified by the tests referenced in the Recommended Test Procedure. The tests set forth in that procedure should be applied, and failure of a Reduced Effort Power Brake modification to meet those tests should disqualify the modification from the claim of meeting the specifications of this Information Report. Because this is an Information Report, the numerical values for performance measurements presented in this report and
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to provide basic information on properties and characteristics of high-strength carbon and alloy steels which have been subjected to special die drawing. This includes both cold drawing with heavier-than-normal drafts and die drawing at elevated temperatures.
This document describes the major techniques for measuring oil consumption. It does not cover all the sub-variations that might be used to make this measurement.
While this report does not include a discussion of all of the available data defining human response or address all body areas, for those areas addressed it does utilize references generally judged by those in the field to be practical and meaningful guidelines for the development of human surrogates. This report is intended to be a “living” document that will be updated periodically. A number of problems need to be addressed in defining human impact response characteristics. There is the problem of human response variability from subject to subject in volunteer tests. There is the problem of extrapolating such volunteer data which are obtained at low impact severities to higher impact severities using human cadaver response data obtained at injurious levels of impacts. Live animal experiments have been conducted over the years in an attempt to define human impact response and tolerance. The problem with using animal response data is the lack of geometric scaling techniques needed to
This SAE Recommended Practice is aimed at ensuring high-quality products of anodized aluminum automotive components in terms of durability and appearance. Decorative sulfuric acid anodizing has been well developed over the last several decades in the aluminum industry. Exterior and interior performance demonstrated that parts processed to this document meet long-term durability requirements. Since the treatment of processing variables is outside the scope of this document, it is important for applicators of this coating to develop an intimate knowledge of their process, and control all parameters that affect the quality of the end product. The use of techniques such as statistical process control (SPC), capability studies, design of experiments, process optimization, etc., are critical to produce material of consistently high quality.
This coding system is intended to provide a convenient means of identifying the various tube, pipe, hydraulic hose type, and hose fittings not intended for use in aircraft and of transmitting technical or engineering information relating to them wherever drawings or other pictorial media may not be readily available. The code has been kept flexible to permit expansion to cover new fitting categories or styles and, if the need develops, the inclusion of additional materials. The system is also compatible with automatic data processing equipment. It is not intended that this code should supersede established systems or means of identification. Therefore, it should be the prerogative of the user to apply the code which best satisfies his requirements.
This procedure applies to directional control valves or other valves which in various positions direct or block fluid flow as applied to Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines as referenced in SAE J1116.
This SAE Information Report prescribes dummies, procedures, and configurations that can be used for investigating the interactions that might occur between a deploying airbag and a child restrained by a child restraint system (CRS). During the inflation process, airbags generate a considerable amount of kinetic energy which can result in substantial forces being applied to a child who is restrained in a CRS in the front seat of a vehicle. Field data collected by the special crash investigation team of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) indicate that fatal forces can be developed. In response to these field data, NHTSA added a series of airbag/child interaction tests and limits to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR 571.208) that deal with occupant protection, commonly known as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS 208). The bases for NHTSA tests are the various test procedures that were developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the
This SAE Recommended Practice identifies and defines the specifications most commonly used to describe high-speed steel track and articulated rubber-tired clam bunk skidders. The illustrations used are not intended to be descriptive of any existing machine or dictate a combination needed for a particular logging situation. The dimensions indicated are basic and may be supplemented by the individual machine manufacturer.
This Recommended Practice, Operational Definitions of Driving Performance Measures and Statistics, provides functional definitions of and guidance for performance measures and statistics concerned with driving on roadways. As a consequence, measurements and statistics will be calculated and reported in a consistent manner in SAE and ISO standards, journal articles proceedings papers, technical reports, and presentations so that the procedures and results can be more readily compared. Only measures and statistics pertaining to driver/vehicle responses that affect the lateral and longitudinal positioning of a road vehicle are currently provided in this document. Measures and statistics covering other aspects of driving performance may be included in future editions. For eye glance-related measures and statistics, see SAE J2396 (Society of Automotive Engineers, 2007) and ISO 15007-1 (International Standards Organization, 2002).
This SAE Recommended Practice defines test methods and general requirements at all phases of development, production, and field analysis of electrical terminals (including sense pins), connectors, and components that constitute the jump-start connection for road vehicles having 42 V (nominal) electrical systems. The 42 V jump start connector is always remote from the vehicle battery and may take the form of an in-line or Header Connection, either of which is in an accessible location for attachment of a jumper cable from an assist vehicle or battery charger. WARNING—The Jump Start Connector requires environmental protection. This specification assumes that such protection is in place and remains effective for the life of the vehicle. The level of protection depends on the vehicle packaging environment and duty cycle. Appendix B of this document contains the physical specification for the Jump Start Connector.
This SAE standard applies to any and all additives and chemical solutions intended for aftermarket use in the refrigerant circuit of vehicle air-conditioning systems with belt-driven compressors, except as noted below. This standard provides testing and acceptance criteria for determining the stability and compatibility of additives and flushing materials (solutions) with A/C system materials and components, that may be intended for use in servicing or operation of vehicle air conditioning systems. This standard does not provide test criteria for additive, compressor lubricant, or flushing solution effectiveness; such testing is the responsibility of the additive and/or solution manufacturer/supplier. This standard does not cover additives or flushing materials for electrically driven compressors. The use of additives with electrically driven compressors might cause electrical shorting and compressor failure. It is not the intent of this document to identify the requirements for
This document applies to the requirements of a device used in the field and inspection stations to aim and check aim of mechanically aimable headlamp units. The purpose of this document is to provide a laboratory test procedure to determine whether the devices under test are capable of accurately positioning headlamp units from their aiming pads and maintaining their accuracy in service within the tolerances designated in this document.
The SAE International task force on headlamp mounting height has considered the ramifications of reducing the maximum mounting height of headlamps on highway vehicles. The task force has concluded that it is in the best interest of the driving public to make a substantial reduction in the recommended maximum height at which headlamps, particularly low-beam headlamps, may be mounted. Heights as low as 36 to 40 in (90 to 100 cm) have been considered. New tractor vehicles are in fact being designed with headlamps mounted in this range. Further recommendations were withheld in anticipation of tests to demonstrate the effect of mounting height on the legibility of certain overhead signs.
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to motor vehicle Distributed Lighting Systems (DLS) which use light generated by remote sources. It provides test methods, requirements, and guidelines applicable to these systems. This document is intended to be a guide to standard practice and is subject to change dependent upon additional experience and technical advances. This document covers Headlamp, Fog lamp, Auxiliary lamp, plus Signal and Marking lamp functions.
This SAE Standard defines a minimum set of acceptable safety criteria for a lithium-based rechargeable battery system to be considered for use in a vehicle propulsion application as an energy storage system connected to a high voltage power train. While the objective is a safe battery system when installed into a vehicle application, this Standard is primarily focused, wherever possible, on conditions which can be evaluated utilizing the battery system alone. As this is a minimum set of criteria, it is recognized that battery system and vehicle manufacturers may have additional requirements for cells, modules, packs and systems in order to assure a safe battery system for a given application. A battery system is a completely functional energy storage system consisting of the pack(s) and necessary ancillary subsystems for physical support and enclosure, thermal management, and electronic control.
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) aims at identifying the design criteria and testing methods adequate to guarantee the ultimate load and operational dependability of cargo restraint strap assemblies with a typical 22250 N (5000 lbf) rated ultimate tension load capability, as used by the airline industry in order to restrain cargo on board civil transport aircraft during flight: a cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness certified air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck or main/upper deck cargo systems and meeting the requirements of NAS 3610 or AS36100, or b non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of, cargo placed onto an unrestrained (“floating”) pallet into either lower deck or main deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft.
The following schematic diagrams reflect various methods of illustrating automotive transmission arrangements. These have been developed to facilitate a clear understanding of the functional interrelations of the gearing, clutches, hydrodynamic drive unit, and other transmission components. Two variations of transmission diagrams are used: in neutral (clutches not applied) and in gear. For illustrative purposes, some typical transmissions are shown.
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a marking system to distinguish long-stroke from standard stroke for service, parking, and combination air-brake actuators, and components. Said actuators are used for applying cam type foundation brakes by slack adjuster means.
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes minimum requirements for electric hourmeters for general vehicular applications.
The Mounting Height Task Force was tasked to determine the extent of the problem(s) associated with vehicle headlamps mounted at or above the level of the mirror(s) in passenger vehicles; the level of glare exposure caused by high-mounted headlamps; the appropriate height differential needed to maintain a glare level consistent with past and/or current passenger vehicle headlamp mounting; and the necessary headlamp mounting height necessary to control mirror glare at an accepted/acceptable level. The report herein addresses these passenger vehicle mounting height issues.
This SAE Standard measures the percent thermal efficiency of materials in sleeve form used to contain heat or insulate around a hot component. The percent thermal efficiency (%TE) is determined by measuring the power difference expended by the heat source (cartridge heater) with and without the test sleeve at the specified temperature. See SAE J2302 to measure radiant heat flow of sleeves.
This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to titanium and titanium alloy extruded bars, rods, and shapes. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “excl” applies only to the higher figure of the specified range.
This document defines the requirements for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lined, para-aramid reinforced, hose assemblies suitable for use in 275 °F (135 °C), 5080 psi (35000 kPa) aircraft hydraulic systems.
This SAE Standard serves as a guide for testing procedures of automotive 12 V storage batteries. The information contained herein was originally developed based on traditional ICE operation but can be more broadly applicable to other vehicle architectures. Although the test procedures contained herein are written from the standpoint of a 12 V nominal battery, they can be scaled for batteries with different nominal voltages.
This SAE Aerospace Standard covers high strength commercial sockets and universal sockets which possess the strength, clearances, and internal wrenching design so configured that, when mated with hexagon (6 point) fasteners, they shall transmit torque to the fastener without bearing on the outer 5% of the fastener’s wrenching points. This document provides additional requirements beyond ANSI B107.5 appropriate for aerospace use. Inclusion of dimensional data in this document is not intended to imply all of the products described therein are stock production sizes. Consumers are requested to consult with manufacturers concerning lists of stock production sizes.
This SAE Recommended Practice provides laboratory test procedures for testing headlamp aim test machines to verify their ability to aim or to inspect the aim of headlamps, fog lamps, and auxiliary high beam lamps. This specification does not apply to aiming devices of the kind covered by SAE J602. This specification does not apply to motorcycle headlamps.
This SAE Standard pertains to off-road, self-propelled work machines as defined in categories one through five of SAE J1116. It is intended to provide engineers and designers with information in order that access openings provided in equipment and machinery for purposes of inspection, adjustment, and maintenance are made large enough for the intended function by the person in the field or shop.
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