Results
This specification presents requirements for the carburizing and nitriding of carbon and alloy steels to produce the mechanical properties specified by drawings, detail metal specifications, or other applicable specifications (see 6.3).
This SAE Standard covers the mechanical and physical requirements for Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) castings used in automotive and allied industries. Requirements in this document include: a Tensile Strength b Yield Strength c Elongation d Graphite Morphology
The SAE J526 Standard covers electric-resistance welded single-wall low-carbon steel pressure tubing intended for general automotive, refrigeration, hydraulic, and other similar applications requiring tubing of a quality suitable for bending, flaring, beading, forming, and brazing. Material produced to this specification is not intended to be used for single flare applications due to the potential leak path that would be caused by the ID weld bead or scarfed region. Assumption of risks when using this material for single flare applications shall be defined by agreement between the producer and tube purchaser. The material produced to this specification is intended to service pressure applications where severe forming and bending is not required. As this material may exhibit mechanical properties that reduce some desired forming characteristics versus SAE J356, the severity of the forming requirements of the finished assembly should be considered when utilizing material produced to this
Restricted hardenability steels have been in use for some time but the specific restrictions for a particular grade depend upon customer needs and vary from mill to mill. Such steels are desirable to provide more controlled heat treatment response and dimensional control for critical parts. Because of increasing interest in steels with restricted hardenability, the SAE Iron and Steel Technical Committee directed Division 8 to prepare a set of standard steels with restricted hardenability. In 1993, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) adopted the twelve SAE restricted hardenability steels and added ten more. SAE decided to include in SAE J1868 the additional 10 steels. In general, steels with restricted hardenability (RH steels) will exhibit a hardness range not greater than 5 HRC at the initial position on the end-quench hardenability bar and not greater than 65% of the hardness range for standard H-band steels (see SAE J1268) in the "inflection" region. Generally the
The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852 and ARP4853. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, or are within the aircraft manufacturer’s limits so that they do not affect the certified safe limit of the nose gear. The results of these test evaluations will also determine if a stability problem may occur during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations with the tested airplane/tow vehicle combination. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only. It is not meant for dispatch (operational) towing (see definitions in
This SAE Surface Vehicle Information Report identifies and defines the assembly/disassembly and certification procedures relating to the use of the Hybrid III Large Male Test Dummy.
The test procedure applies to roll coupled units such as straight trucks, tractor semitrailers, full trailers, B-trains, etc. The test is aimed at evaluating the level of lateral acceleration required to rollover a vehicle or a roll-coupled unit of a vehicle in a steady turning situation. Transient, vibratory, or dynamic rollover situations are not simulated by this test. Furthermore, the accuracy of the test decreases as the tilt angle increases, although this is a small effect at the levels of tilt angle used in testing heavy trucks. The test accuracy is accepted for vehicles that will rollover at lateral acceleration levels below 0.5 g corresponding to a tilt table angle of less than approximately 27 degrees. Even so, the results for heavy trucks with rollover thresholds greater than 0.5 g could be used for comparing their relative static roll stability.
For guidance only in regard to highway commercial motor vehicles where protection to the rear against rear wheel splash and stone throw is deemed necessary, the following clearance specifications are recommended.
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes minimum performance requirements for trucks, buses, truck-tractors, full trailers, and semitrailers with gross vehicle weight ratings greater than 4540 kg (10 000 lb) with regard to: a Vehicle classification b Vehicle load c Percent grade d Application force
"Effective particle or domain size" is a phrase used in X-ray diffraction literature to describe the size of the coherent regions within a material which are diffracting. Coherency in this sense means diffracting as a unit. Small particle size causes X-ray line broadening and as such can be measured. It has been shown related to substructure as observed in transmission electron microscopy. Particle size is affected by hardening, cold working, and fatigue; conversely, there is increasing evidence that particle size, per se, affects both static and dynamic strength.
This SAE Recommended Practice provides information useful in the marking of engine and transmission dipsticks used for fluid level indication.
An enormous economic loss, as well as a waste of natural resources, is incurred world-wide as a result of wear of components and tools. Any effort expended in an attempt to reduce this loss is indeed worthwhile. The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to present the current state of knowledge of abrasive wear. This report, therefore, covers wear, or the undesired removal of metal by mechanical action, caused by abrasive particles in contact with the surface. It does not concern metal-to-metal wear or wear in the presence of an abrasive free lubricant. Abrasive wear occurs when hard particles, such as rocks, sand, or fragments of certain hard metals, slide or roll under pressure across a surface. This action tends to cut grooves across the metal surface, much like a cutting tool. Abrasive wear is of considerable importance in any part moving in relation to an abrasive. Tools in contact with the ground, such as plows, cultivators, scraper and bulldozer blades, are intended to
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to provide general information relative to the nature and use of eddy current techniques for nondestructive testing. The document is not intended to provide detailed technical information but to serve as an introduction to the principles and capabilities of eddy current testing, and as a guide to more extensive references listed in Section 2.
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to set up a guide as to body, frame, and wheel housing clearance to accommodate tire chains, and also the minimum bogie spacing to permit using chains on both axles. These dimensions apply to trucks, buses, and combinations of vehicles 10 001 lb (4535.06 kg) GVW and over, and are based upon recommendations of the Tire and Rim Association and of the National Association of Chain Manufacturers. The diagram shows clearance for chains over the tire ONLY and allowance must be made for spring deflections in determining fender clearance. See Figure 1 and Table 1.
This method covers electric outboards that are rated in terms of static thrust.
The scope of this SAE Information report is to provide basic information on ultrasonics, as applied in the field of nondestructive inspection. References to detailed information are listed in Section 2.
This procedure establishes recommendations on the measurement of diesel engine intake air flow under steady-state test conditions. The measurement methods discussed have been limited to metering systems and associated equipment found in common usage in the industry, specifically, nozzles, laminar flow devices, and vortex shedding. The procedure establishes accuracy goals as well as explains proper usage of equipment. The recommendations concerning diesel engine exhaust mass flow measurements are minimal in scope.
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to establish test procedures and minimum performance standards for kingpins and their supporting structure manufactured to SAE specifications. The dimensions shown in SAE J700 will permit the establishment of standard clearances in the installed condition which, in turn, will permit fifth wheel manufacturers to design their products to establish interchangeability with any kingpin made and installed to the SAE specification.
This SAE Standard defines the normal dimensions, dimensioning practice, tolerances, specialized measurement techniques, and glossary of terms for bearing inserts commonly used in reciprocating machinery. The standard sizes cover a range which permits a designer to employ, in proper proportion, the durability and lubrication requirements of each application, while utilizing the forming and machining practices common in manufacture of sleeve type half bearings. Not included are considerations of hydrodynamic lubrication analysis or mechanical stress factors of associated machine structural parts which determine the nominal sizes to be used, selection of bearing material as related to load carrying capacity, and economics of manufacture. For information concerning materials, see SAE J459 and SAE J460. These suggested sizes provide guidelines which may result in minimal costs of tooling but do not necessarily represent items which can be ordered from stock.
This SAE Information Report provides a summary of several methods that are available for detecting, and in some instances detecting and measuring, surface imperfections in rods, bars, tubes, and wires. References relating to detailed technical information and to specific applications are enumerated in 2.2.
The scope of this SAE Information Report is to provide general information relative to the nature and use of magnetic particles for nondestructive testing. The document is not intended to provide detailed technical information, but will serve as an introduction to the theory and capabilities of magnetic particle testing, and as a guide to more extensive references.
This report approaches the material selection process from the designer's viewpoint. Information is presented in a format designed to guide the user through a series of decision-making steps. "Applications criteria" along with engineering and manufacturing data are emphasized to enable the merits of aluminum for specific applications to be evaluated and the appropriate alloys and tempers to be chosen.
The following system of symbols is recommended for use in technical papers and engineering reports dealing with hydrodynamic drives.
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