Results
This document defines the test procedures and performance limits of steady state and transient voltage characteristics for 12 V, 24 V, or 48 V electrical power generating systems used in commercial ground vehicles.
Document provides information on how military/commercial/gas turbine engine test cell/system users may benefit from this unique Coanda/Refraction concept.
This SAE standard applies to any and all additives and chemical solutions intended for aftermarket use in the refrigerant circuit of vehicle air-conditioning systems with belt-driven compressors, except as noted below. This standard provides testing and acceptance criteria for determining the stability and compatibility of additives and flushing materials (solutions) with A/C system materials and components, that may be intended for use in servicing or operation of vehicle air conditioning systems. This standard does not provide test criteria for additive, compressor lubricant, or flushing solution effectiveness; such testing is the responsibility of the additive and/or solution manufacturer/supplier. This standard does not cover additives or flushing materials for electrically driven compressors. The use of additives with electrically driven compressors might cause electrical shorting and compressor failure. It is not the intent of this document to identify the requirements for
This SAE Recommended Practice defines test methods and general requirements at all phases of development, production, and field analysis of electrical terminals (including sense pins), connectors, and components that constitute the jump-start connection for road vehicles having 42 V (nominal) electrical systems. The 42 V jump start connector is always remote from the vehicle battery and may take the form of an in-line or Header Connection, either of which is in an accessible location for attachment of a jumper cable from an assist vehicle or battery charger. WARNING—The Jump Start Connector requires environmental protection. This specification assumes that such protection is in place and remains effective for the life of the vehicle. The level of protection depends on the vehicle packaging environment and duty cycle. Appendix B of this document contains the physical specification for the Jump Start Connector.
An airbag generates a considerable amount of kinetic energy during its inflation process. As a result substantial forces can be developed between the deploying airbag and the out-of-position occupant. Accident data and laboratory test results have indicated a potential for head, neck, chest, abdominal, and leg injuries from these forces. This suggests that mitigating such forces should be considered in the design of airbag restraint systems. This document outlines a comprehensive set of test guidelines that can be used for investigating the interactions that occur between the deploying airbag and the occupant who is near the module at the time of deployment. Static and dynamic tests to investigate driver and passenger systems are given. Static tests may be used to sort designs on a comparative basis. Designs that make it through the static sorting procedure may be subjected to the appropriate dynamic tests. On a specific vehicle model, engineering judgment based upon prior experience
This document applies to the requirements of a device used in the field and inspection stations to aim and check aim of mechanically aimable headlamp units. The purpose of this document is to provide a laboratory test procedure to determine whether the devices under test are capable of accurately positioning headlamp units from their aiming pads and maintaining their accuracy in service within the tolerances designated in this document.
The SAE International task force on headlamp mounting height has considered the ramifications of reducing the maximum mounting height of headlamps on highway vehicles. The task force has concluded that it is in the best interest of the driving public to make a substantial reduction in the recommended maximum height at which headlamps, particularly low-beam headlamps, may be mounted. Heights as low as 36 to 40 in (90 to 100 cm) have been considered. New tractor vehicles are in fact being designed with headlamps mounted in this range. Further recommendations were withheld in anticipation of tests to demonstrate the effect of mounting height on the legibility of certain overhead signs.
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to motor vehicle Distributed Lighting Systems (DLS) which use light generated by remote sources. It provides test methods, requirements, and guidelines applicable to these systems. This document is intended to be a guide to standard practice and is subject to change dependent upon additional experience and technical advances. This document covers Headlamp, Fog lamp, Auxiliary lamp, plus Signal and Marking lamp functions.
This SAE Information Report prescribes dummies, procedures, and configurations that can be used for investigating the interactions that might occur between a deploying airbag and a child restrained by a child restraint system (CRS). During the inflation process, airbags generate a considerable amount of kinetic energy which can result in substantial forces being applied to a child who is restrained in a CRS in the front seat of a vehicle. Field data collected by the special crash investigation team of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) indicate that fatal forces can be developed. In response to these field data, NHTSA added a series of airbag/child interaction tests and limits to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR 571.208) that deal with occupant protection, commonly known as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS 208). The bases for NHTSA tests are the various test procedures that were developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the
ARP4761A and its EUROCAE counterpart, ED-135, present guidelines for performing safety assessments of civil aircraft, systems, and equipment. They may be used when addressing compliance with certification requirements (e.g., 14 CFR/CS Parts 23, 25, 27, and 29 and 14 CFR Parts 33, 35, CS-E, and CS-P). ARP4761A/ED-135 may also be used to assist a company in meeting its own internal safety assessment standards. While the safety assessment processes described are primarily associated with civil aircraft, systems, and equipment, these processes may be used in many other applications. The guidelines herein identify a systematic safety assessment process, but other processes may be equally effective. The processes described herein are usually applicable to the new designs or to existing designs that are affected by changes to design or functions. In the case of the implementation of existing design(s) in a derivative application, complementary means such as service experience in a similar
This document applies to regulatory/approving authorities involved with decisions regarding the use of high-intensity light (HIL) directed into the navigable airspace. For the purpose of this document, lights greater than 0.25 million candlepower meet the minimum threshold of an HIL. Lights not directed or reflected into the navigable airspace are not usually considered to interfere with aircraft operations. HILs include laser-derived light sources; other laser systems are beyond the scope of this document. This document addresses adverse effects of HILs on humans, such as visual interference. HIL effects on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) are beyond the scope of this document.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations for the development of aircraft and systems, taking into account aircraft functions and operating environment. It provides practices for ensuring the safety of the overall aircraft design, showing compliance with regulations, and assisting a company in developing and meeting its own internal standards. These practices include validation of requirements and verification of the design implementation for safety, certification, and product assurance. The guidelines in this document were developed in the context of U.S. Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 25 and European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Certification Specification (CS) CS-25. They may be applicable in the context of other regulations, such as 14 CFR Parts 23, 27, 29, 33, and 35, and CS-23, CS-27, CS-29, CS-E, and CS-P. This document addresses the development cycle for aircraft and systems that implement aircraft and system functions. It
This AIR provides a detailed example of the aircraft and systems development for a function of a hypothetical S18 aircraft. In order to present a clear picture, an aircraft function was broken down into a single system. A function was chosen which had sufficient complexity to allow use of all the methodologies, yet was simple enough to present a clear picture of the flow through the process. This function/system was analyzed using the methods and tools described in ARP4754A/ED-79A. The aircraft level function is “Decelerate Aircraft On Ground” and the system is the braking system. The interaction of the braking system functions with the aircraft are identified with the relative importance based on implied aircraft interactions and system availabilities at the aircraft level. This example does not include validation and verification of the aircraft level hazards and interactions with the braking system. However, the principles used at the braking system level can be applied at the
This standard defines a color index system used by, but not limited to, Government activities in a format suitable for color identification, color selection, color matching, and quality control inspection. It also describes the designation and use of color media that is available to conduct these activities. Use of the color index referenced in this standard is intended to promote standardization and consistency in the color of items produced for Government use. Color media is described as follows: Color Chip Representation, Fan Deck: Suitable for color identification and selection. Color Chip Representation, Color Book: Suitable for color identification and selection. Precise Color Matching, Individual Color Chips: Suitable for color matching and quality control inspection purposes. Precise Color Matching, Set of Color Chips: Suitable for color matching and quality control inspection purposes.
This SAE Recommended Practice incorporates a track-based test procedure that produces a representative value for vehicle top speed when operating on a level paved road with a fully charged battery.
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a laboratory test procedure for measuring the acoustical performance of a system consisting of a body cavity filler material formed into a rectangular cross-section channel. Materials for this test may include both heat reactive and chemically reactive products, with or without a shelf to simulate a baffle in an application, or a combination of body cavity filler and aluminum foil to enhance the performance. These materials are commonly installed in transportation systems such as ground vehicles, and thus reduce the noise propagation through the rails, rockers, and pillar/posts. This document is intended to rank order the acoustical performance of materials for application on channels using general automotive steel, such that the effects of sealing of pinch welds in addition to the material could be easily evaluated. However, the channel is not an actual part (i.e., real life section) of the vehicle, and therefore results obtained from this study
This report investigates the use of single and multi-layer coatings on replaceable headlamp bulbs and how such coatings can affect the performance of bulbs in terms of light scattering, which can contribute to glare, and spectral separation in headlamps. Tests were developed to investigate the effects of absorptive and interference (multi-layer) coatings on bulbs, and on bulbs in headlamp systems. These tests provide validation for a proposed bulb color separation test, which establishes limits for spectral separation within the boundaries of SAE J578 white color requirements. The bulb color separation test provides a definitive selection criterion to identify bulbs that cause excessive light scatter (glare) and/or spectral separation in an optical system.
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides general requirements for components that are used in commercial aircraft hydraulic systems. It also includes the 14 CFR Part 25/CS 25 regulations that apply to hydraulic components. It also provides information to be included in the Procurement Specification in Appendix A and a checklist for design reviews in Appendix B. It does not provide requirements for distribution elements such as hoses, pipe fittings and general tubing.
This standard establishes the common requirements for training of DPRV personnel for use at all levels of the aerospace engine supply chain. This standard shall apply when an organization elects to delegate product release verification by contractual flow down to its suppliers (reference 9100 and 9110 standards) and to perform product acceptance on its behalf. It is intended that organizations specify their DPRV requirements through the application of AS9117. While the delegating organization will use the AS13001 standard as the baseline for establishing DPRV process and product training, it may include additional contractual training requirements to meet its specific needs. The DPRV training material was primarily developed for aerospace engine supply chain requirements. However, this standard may also be used in other aerospace industry sectors where a DPRV process requiring specific training can be of benefit.
This SAE Recommended Practice covers a procedure for evaluating plastic and multiple-layer coatings exposed to gravelometer testing (as defined in SAE J400) with an optical imaging and analysis system. The intent of the procedure is to detect, count and characterize instances of damage in the coated surface that fracture the top coat layer or penetrate through multiple layers of the coating system. It may be possible to extend this methodology of coating damage evaluation to specimens that have undergone test procedures or exposures that produce similar, discrete damage sites in the coating system. If so applied, evaluation results must be interpreted with respect to the limitations and intent implied by the original evaluation procedure and its associated rating system, if applicable.
This test is designed to measure the thickness of textiles, plastics, and similar materials.
This specification covers a corrosion resistant steel in the form of wire type identified under the Unified Numbering System as UNS S30500.
The test procedures and performance criteria are directed to operation and parking of agricultural tractors equipped with braking system(s) and having a maximum design speed exceeding 6 km/h. Combinations of agricultural towing machines equipped with braking systems and towed agricultural machines without braking systems are included in this SAE Standard.
The air cranking system components, which include the tank, valve, hose, and starter, must be carefully selected to provide the necessary speed to start an engine under the most severe climatic conditions for which the system is intended. Engine cranking loads increase with cold temperatures, therefore, the initial selection of these components, needs to consider low-temperature engine torque requirements. To insure an adequate air cranking system is obtained, it is important that proper test procedures are used for obtaining the cranking load requirements of the engine.
The purpose of this document is to define design, construction, operational, and maintenance requirements for hydrogen fuel storage and handling systems in on-road vehicles. Performance-based requirements for verification of design prototype and production hydrogen storage and handling systems are also defined in this document. Complementary test protocols (for use in type approval or self-certification) to qualify designs (and/or production) as meeting the specified performance requirements are described. Crashworthiness of hydrogen storage and handling systems is beyond the scope of this document. SAE J2578 includes requirements relating to crashworthiness and vehicle integration for fuel cell vehicles. It defines recommended practices related to the integration of hydrogen storage and handling systems, fuel cell system, and electrical systems into the overall Fuel Cell Vehicle.
This part of SAE J514 covers general and dimensional specifications for NPTF pipe adapters and 30 degree NPSM adapter unions. These fittings are intended for general application in hydraulic systems on industrial equipment and commercial products. These fittings are capable of providing leak-proof, full-flow connections in hydraulic systems operating at working pressures as specified in Table 6. Since many factors influence the pressure at which a hydraulic system will or will not perform satisfactorily, the values shown in Table 6 should not be construed as a guaranteed minimum. For any application, it is recommended that sufficient testing be conducted and reviewed by both the user and fitting manufacturer to assure that performance levels will be safe and satisfactory.
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