Complying to both the increasingly stringent pollutant emissions as well as (future) GHG emission legislation - with increased focus on in-use real-world emissions - puts a great challenge to the engine/aftertreatment control development process. Control system complexity, calibration and validation effort has increased dramatically over the past decade. A trend that is likely to continue considering the next steps in emission and GHG emission legislation. Control-oriented engine models are valuable tools for efficient development of engine monitoring and control systems. Furthermore, these (predictive) engine models are more and more used as part of control algorithms to ensure legislation compliant and optimized performance over the system lifetime. For these engine models, it is essential that simulation and prediction of system variables during non-nominal engine operation, such as non-standard ambient conditions, is well captured.
This paper presents the validation of a semi-empirical control-oriented diesel engine model for non-standard ambient conditions. Measurements on a Heavy-Duty Diesel engine for long haulage applications are performed using TNO’s Climate Altitude Chamber. Inhere, ambient conditions are varied ranging from -15°C to + 30°C and ambient pressure ranging from 990 mbar (sea level) to 710 mbar (2500m altitude). Both steady-state and transient engine operation, using both type approval and real-world duty cycles, are considered. For the mentioned range of ambient conditions, the engine model is validated for key performance indicators, like manifold conditions, engine-out temperature, fuel consumption (CO2 emissions) and NOx emissions. The paper will end with a brief overview of possible (future) applications of the validated engine models and outlook to future work.