Thin-Walled Panel Noise Suppression for EV Car through Acoustic Black Hole-Induced Energy Localization

Under vehicle lightweighting constraints, acoustic black hole (ABH) structures offer novel vibration and noise control through bending wave manipulation. This study investigates non-ideal ABH plates with truncations, analyzing their energy-trapping efficacy and damping performance. A hybrid FE-SEA model evaluates ABH-embedded electric vehicles, revealing critical insights: Through-hole truncations concentrate energy at tips (increasing fracture risk), while smaller circular-platform radii significantly enhance energy trapping and damping. For noise reduction, peak effectiveness occurs at 300–800 Hz, achieving 3.7 dB attenuation at 500 Hz (front) and 2.8 dB at 700 Hz (rear) with 4 ABHs. Increasing ABH count improves suppression by ≤3 dB. This work establishes a predictive framework for optimizing ABH-enhanced NVH performance in electric vehicles.