Thermal Management Analysis of Engine Compartment Based on 1D and 3D Coupling Simulation

At present, there are two main simulation methods for the engine compartment thermal management system, which are called one-dimensional(1D) and three-dimensional(3D) simulation. 1D simulation can reflect the overall performance parameters of the thermal management system. The 3D simulation provides a flow field distribution inside the engine compartment, that provides precise guidance for local temperature field control. In this paper, the 1D and 3D coupling simulation method was used in the development of automobile thermal management, which shortened the simulation cycle under the premise of ensuring the calculation accuracy. Firstly, the cold flow field simulation of the engine compartment was performed, and the relevant results such as air flow and pressure drop coefficient was imported into the 1D simulation model as an input parameter for correction, and the 1D calculation result was used as an input to calculate the 3D temperature field. The 3D simulation results showed that there was reflux around intercooler and condenser, and the surface of oil cooler has a temperature concentrated area. The 1D simulation results showed that all the maximum coolant temperature in both inlet and outlet of water tank were less than the designed SPEC value in different working conditions. The comparison between simulation data and experimental data in 1D and 3D was carried out respectively. The results showed that the difference between 3D simulation results and experimental data was small, and the error between 1D results and experimental data was within 10%, indicating that the 1D and 3D coupling simulation method has high reliability and accuracy.