As special pressure-bearing vessels, spherical tanks are widely used in chemical, oil refining, and other fields. However, their safe operation faces the dual challenges of structural failure and leakage diffusion. Meanwhile, due to its low lower explosive limit and the low ignition energy required, propane will evaporate rapidly after leakage to form an explosive mixed gas, which may further trigger severe accidents such as combustion and explosion. Therefore, this paper takes a 3000 m3 propane spherical tank as the research object, comprehensively applies the finite element analysis method, and systematically researches stress distribution, aiming to provide theoretical support for the safety design of spherical tanks and accident prevention and control.