The advancement of electric mobility has driven the development of technologies aimed at enabling smart, secure, and interoperable electric vehicle (EV) charging. In this context, this paper presents a technical and market analysis of the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Plug & Charge (PnC) functionalities, focusing on their architectures, applicable technical standards, communication protocols, levels of commercial maturity, and emerging applications. The discussion begins with a review of the main national and international standards relevant to charging infrastructure, with emphasis on IEC 61851, IEC 62196, and ISO 15118 series, which address the technical requirements of equipment, connectors, and vehicle-to-grid communication. The operation of V2G is then discussed as a technology that enables bidirectional energy flow between the EV and the power grid, with a focus on topological configurations, pilot project applications, and regulatory and economic challenges that currently limit its large-scale adoption. In parallel, Plug & Charge solutions based on ISO 15118 are presented, which enable automatic authentication and billing directly through vehicle-charger communication, eliminating the need for user interaction via cards or apps. Market analysis identifies commercially available V2G- and PnC-compatible EV models, charging stations, backend systems, and roaming platforms such as Hubject and Digital Charging Solutions (DCS). The findings show that while V2G is still in a validation phase with limited deployments, Plug & Charge is already undergoing broader commercial adoption. This study provides technical and strategic insights to support national research and development initiatives, outlining the main technical requirements, standards, and regulatory challenges for the effective implementation of these technologies in the Brazilian electric mobility ecosystem.