Simulation Research on Passenger Evacuation under Sudden Fire in Metro Station

In order to improve the evacuation efficiency of sudden fire in urban rail transit station, taking the National Exhibition and Convention Center Station of Tianjin Rail Transit Line 1 as the research object, a three-dimensional model of the station is established. Based on the evening peak passenger flow on October 1, 2023, the parameters were calculated and reasonably set in the Pathfinder software to simulate the evacuation process of 3316 people in the fire scene of train arrival, and the evacuation process of sudden fire in the station is simulated. The simulation results show that the station can basically ensure the safe emergency evacuation within 6 minutes under the existing conditions. The stairs, escalators, automatic gate machine and passageways in the station are identified as the evacuation bottlenecks. The total time for all station personnel to evacuate outside the metro station is 514.8 s. According to the simulation results, some suggestions on evacuation strategy and emergency management are put forward from two aspects of existing infrastructure and personnel evacuation.