Simulation of Fuel Consumption and Emissions for Passenger Cars and Urban Buses in Real-World Driving Cycles

Reducing environmental pollution by the transport sector has been influenced according to the increasingly restrictions imposed by regulatory standards. For this, legislation such as Euro (at global level) and Proconve (at local level) set new limits each new phase, usually stipulating reductions in the levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Compliance with these requirements is seen with the vehicle or engine ratings working through the conditions imposed by a standard test cycle. However, standard driving conditions often do not represent the real-world driving conditions, being influenced by relief, traffic lights and other peculiarities of each city or route. This paper aims to compare real-world driving cycles of urban bus and passenger car in the city of Santa Maria, in southern Brazil, with the conditions used for light gasoline vehicles and heavy diesel vehicles approval. Different construction methodologies of real cycles with experimental data are developed, comparing the differences between them and the standard conditions as ETC and FTP-75. Development of representative computer models allowed the evaluation in terms of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions for each means of transportation. Although the standard driving cycles representation being deficient in analysed cases, it is essential for vehicles comparison at the same conditions.