Research on Structural Simulation Design of Lithium-Ion Battery Liquid Cooling Plates Based on Multi-Objective Topology Optimization

Abstract：As the energy density of electric vehicle power batteries continues to increase, efficient and uniform heat dissipation has become critical to their safety and performance. The liquid cooling plate serves as the core component of the battery thermal management system, with its flow channel structure directly impacting heat dissipation efficiency and system energy consumption.Current liquid cooling plate flow channel designs often rely on empirical methods, making it challenging to simultaneously optimize both heat dissipation uniformity and flow resistance performance. This paper focuses on a single lithium battery as the research subject, employing a topology optimization approach to design the liquid cooling plate flow channel structure.Optimization targets include minimizing pressure drop at inlet/outlet and minimizing temperature difference across the contact surface between the plate and battery. Under constant inlet cross-sectional dimensions and flow velocity, numerical simulation of fluid-heat transfer processes revealed a 11.17% reduction in temperature difference across the contact surface. This enhances lithium battery heat dissipation uniformity while reducing inlet/outlet pressure drop by approximately 10.98%.This approach reduces the system energy consumption of liquid cooling. It enables multi-objective co-optimization design for power battery liquid cooling plate structures.It provides new technical references for the refined design of cooling systems in automotive power battery packs.