Research on the Site Selection of Emergency Rescue Stations on Expressways Based on Non-dominated Sorting Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

To enhance the rescue efficiency of expressway emergencies and reduce the impact on network operation, this study developed an optimization model for the strategic placement of emergency rescue stations. Firstly, a node importance assessment method is designed to measure the importance of each node in the expressway network by considering both local and global impacts; secondly, an emergency rescue station selection model is constructed based on the node importance to achieve the highest coverage satisfaction, the highest rescue efficiency and the lowest construction cost. Taking the expressway network in Shaanxi Province as an example, a particle swarm algorithm based on non-dominated sorting (NSPSO) is designed to solve the problem. The results demonstrate that, with the same number of rescue stations, the model of Site Selection of Emergency Rescue Stations considering node importance achieves shorter average rescue time and higher coverage satisfaction under comparable conditions.