This paper introduces for the first time a new concept in
fuel/air handling technology that has been shown to deliver
reductions in fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions in port-injected
gasoline engines. Whilst direct injection provides a route to
significant improvements in gasoline engine efficiency there are
drawbacks in terms of cost, complexity, particulate emissions and
NVH. The technology presented in this paper offers a route to
improving the efficiency of the conventional port injected
engine.
The technology essentially consists of a system that mixes fuel
and air, promotes exceptional levels of swirl and provides a low
level supercharging effect. The system sits between the fuel
injector and the inlet port, with one system per cylinder.
A simple prototype system has been fitted to a 1.6-liter Ford
Focus, with independent testing showing up to 9% reduction in CO₂
emissions (and commensurate reductions in fuel consumption) and up
to 40% reduction in NOx.
Results of independent, vehicle level tests using the standard
New European Drive Cycle are presented to show how the technology
reduces key exhaust gas emissions through different phases of the
test.