Quantitative Analysis of Fuel Film Formation and Evolution Following Spray Impingement

2025-01-7045

01/31/2025

Features
Event
SAE 2024 Vehicle Powertrain Diversification Technology Forum
Authors Abstract
Content
Flash boiling spray has exhibited remarkable atomization performance by utilizing the sudden alterations in the thermodynamic state of the fluid during injection. The notable evaporation properties of flash boiling spray provide potential remedies for the problem of fuel film adhesion resulting from spray-wall impingement, especially during cold starts in reciprocating engines. Multi-hole injectors, which are often employed, frequently experience spray collapse under flash boiling conditions. The collapsing spray impinging a wall involves a complex multi-phase coupling mechanism. Once the spray impinges the wall, the heat and mass transfer between the wall and the adhering liquid film complicates the predictability of the fuel film characteristics. The quantitative evaluation of fuel film is crucial for studies on wall impingement. Nonetheless, the quantitative measurement of phase change fuel films necessitates addressing multiple problems, including evaporation and vapor phase interference. This work utilizes Mie scattering photography and Laser-Induced Exciplex Fluorescence (LIEF) techniques to examine the multi-plume spray impingement process. The impacts of the flash boiling superheat index and wall temperature were examined, alongside a quantitative analysis of the evolutions in the thickness, area, mass, and temperature of the adherent fuel film. The study results indicate that the spray collapses at a low superheat index. High fuel temperature diminishes liquid volume flux, hence reducing the mass of droplet impinging on the wall. The mass of the deposited fuel film reduces with an increase in fuel temperature, but low plate temperatures hinder evaporation and increase the mass of fuel film. The interplay of impinging droplets and evaporation governs fuel film’s thickness and temperature. Under flare flash boiling conditions, even with a plate temperature of -25°C, the adhered film comprising merely 4% of the total injected fuel.
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-01-7045
Pages
8
Citation
Qiu, S., Wang, S., Li, X., Xu, M. et al., "Quantitative Analysis of Fuel Film Formation and Evolution Following Spray Impingement," SAE Technical Paper 2025-01-7045, 2025, https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-01-7045.
Additional Details
Publisher
Published
Jan 31
Product Code
2025-01-7045
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English