Though there are active safety features in the passenger cars, unfortunately not all accidents are avoidable. Airbags are the passive safety feature which avoid occupants in colliding with the car interiors and help to mitigate the fatal injuries. Trend and interest in the recent times is to study the occupant injury for front row seats. The second-row occupants are usually protected with the passive safety systems by Seat belts, Inflatable Curtain airbags, seat airbags, Windshield airbags etc. These are installed in the side and rear areas of car to pass on the regulations like FMVSS, ECE and other global standards. This particular case study is to evaluate or say how effective are the occupants in the second rows if they are unbelted. In few of the crash tests and experiment of frontal impact collision, the child dummies will be placed on female dummy lap without wearing the seat belt. In this, we see the second-row occupants will be seriously injured in most of the cases. Though the rear seats are statistically safer for the belted occupants, there is high chances of unbelted occupant being thrown out of the seats and collide with the front seat or windshield and hence it becomes important to study the occupant injury parameters by bringing in some additional safety restraint systems such as airbag mounted in between the first and second row where the occupant jumping into the front-end can be avoided during collision.
According to survey of NASS-CDS data survey, USA, between 2011-2015 the accidents involving rear occupants, the fatal injuries of unbelted occupant during the collision is statistically 9% of the total accidents [1]. In this study a passenger car is considered, and current passive safety systems will be evaluated with respect to rear seat occupant. Thus, the occupant injury levels will be evaluated using the simulation software and compare it by using accidental research data particularly with rear occupants in subjected to frontal collision. Based upon the comparison an enhanced passive safety system will be implemented to reduce unbelted occupant injuries in rear seat