As the global pursuit of carbon neutrality accelerates, carbon capture,
utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is emerging as a critical strategic
pillar for achieving significant emission reductions and facilitating the
transition to green development. This review systematically summarizes the
principal technological pathways and recent advances in carbon capture, resource
utilization, and storage within CCUS systems, with particular attention to
innovative directions including advanced adsorption and separation materials,
synergistic catalytic conversion, biological carbon sequestration, and
mineralization-based storage. By examining representative engineering practices
and industrialization cases both domestically and internationally, this paper
summarizes the major challenges currently facing CCUS, including material costs,
energy consumption, environmental risks, and large-scale deployment. The
positive impacts of interdisciplinary integration, process system optimization,
and policy coordination on the commercialization of CCUS are also discussed. The
review indicates that overcoming bottlenecks in core materials and process
technologies, improving regulatory frameworks and market mechanisms, and
establishing clustered industrial ecosystems are essential for CCUS to spearhead
the forthcoming low-carbon energy and green industrial revolutions. This paper
envisions future development trends for CCUS technology, highlights its
multidimensional strategic value for global carbon governance, energy security,
and the circular economy, and offers theoretical references and cutting-edge
insights for scientific research, policy formulation, and industrial
decision-making in related fields.