Optimization of Suspension and Steering Systems of an Electric All-Terrain Vehicle (e-ATV) for Improving Vehicle Performance

The Baja Electrical All-Terrain Vehicle eATV is a versatile off-road vehicle designed to tackle challenging terrains and endure extreme conditions. Suspension system in a car connects the chassis to its wheels and it comprises of a system of springs, dampers and linkages. Independent suspension systems typically offer better handling and ride quality. This paper focuses on the optimization of the eATV’s suspension and steering systems to enhance its performance, stability, and maneuverability. For explanation purpose the design methodology that has been chosen for the suspension system of an all-terrain vehicle. A double wishbone independent suspension is designed for the front half, and an H-arm independent suspension is designed for the rear half. The steering system uses a Rack & Pinion gearbox along with this Ackerman geometry being used for the steering assembly. Theoretical values were validated with the help of ‘Lotus Shark’ software. Also highlights the challenges faced by this design and the solutions adopted to overcome them.