Optimization Method for the Layout of Sponge-Like Drainage Ditches in Large Airports Based on BIM-3DGIS Coupling

The control of rainfall runoff drainage in large airports presents significant challenges, particularly in terms of real-time coupling with meteorological warnings. This paper proposes an optimization method for the layout of sponge-like drainage ditches in large airports under BIM-3DGIS coupling. A BIM water supply and drainage model is constructed, with detailed inspections conducted on the functions and connections of the pipeline system in Revit software. The flow velocity and equivalent water supply pressure within the pipelines are analyzed, and collision detection is performed on the components. Based on 3DGIS technology, an optimization model for the layout of sponge-like drainage ditches is established, taking into comprehensive consideration various factors such as airport topography, rainfall characteristics, and surrounding environment. By calculating the water level changes within the infiltration and drainage ditches under different design rainfall scenarios, the storage ranges, water levels, and waterlogging duration curves of various facilities during rainfall events with different return periods are simulated. Case studies demonstrate that this method can effectively improve airport drainage efficiency, reduce peak drainage flow, mitigate the risk of waterlogging, and decrease the number of collision points in drainage pipelines. It provides a scientific basis and technical support for the planning and design of sponge-like drainage ditches in large airports.