Optimization of Low-Temperature Fast-Charging Strategy for Power Battery of Pure Electric Heavy-Duty Truck

In cold environments, it is slow and risky for charging rate of electric heavy-duty trucks due to lithium plating. Common heating-charging methods overlook the complex dynamics between current, temperature, and battery aging, which need to be further improved. This study presents a tailored thermal management strategy for low-temperature battery charging, analyzing heating performance and battery improvement effect on the fast-charging performance. The data-driven multi-tiered power heating strategy based on a customer electro-thermal-aging model was proposed to minimize charging time and costs. The heating power combinations have been optimized by a particle swarm optimization algorithm, which outperforms conventional methods that aim to reach a set temperature. The optimized strategy reduced charging time by 11% and battery life degradation by only 0.0512%, enhanced the efficiency of cold-weather fast charging for electric trucks.