Numerical Simulation and Optimization Study of Direct-Fired Hot Blast Stove Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

Shantui Janeoo Machinery Co., Ltd developed a new direct-fired hot blast stove. However, experimental research was costly and failed to adequately capture the internal temperature distribution patterns. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed to conduct a numerical simulation of its three-dimensional model, analyzing its flow and heat transfer performance. The results indicated that the swirling cold air intake method caused local vortices and outlet backflow, leading to uneven temperature distribution. To address this issue, numerical simulation was used to investigate the influence of key geometric parameters on the stove’s performance. An improved design was proposed, and the performance differences between the optimized and original structures were compared and analyzed. The optimized hot blast stove showed a significant improvement in temperature distribution uniformity, with the outlet air temperature increasing by 59°C compared to the original structure.