Numerical Modeling of a Sandwich Structure Integrated with Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) for Impact Energy Absorption

Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) exhibits tunable stiffness under varying loading velocities, making it an ideal candidate for energy absorption in transportation systems subjected to complex loading conditions, such as crash scenarios. Recent research highlights that integrating STF with conventional structures can significantly enhance overall energy absorption performance. In this study, we developed a novel sandwich plate by combining a newly designed bio-inspired 3D periodic structure with STF, aiming to create an advanced energy absorber. A finite element model of this system was developed and validated against experimental data. Using this numerical model, we conducted comprehensive impact simulations to investigate the effects of impact velocity and STF viscosity on key structural responses, including peak and mean stress, as well as energy absorption. The contributions of both the fluid and solid components were analyzed. Our findings indicate that the integrated structure demonstrates superior performance, with significant potential for application in vehicle crash safety systems.