Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis in the Closed Loop Seal Design Cycle

Both static and dynamic seals have been designed in the past, primarily on the basis of prior experience, part prototyping, and extensive experimental testing. But, with the advent of nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA), the seal design process is changing from “Black Magic” to a more fundamental and scientific approach. The overall design cycle is shortened and testing parameters are explored and evaluated utilizing FEA. Correlation between FEA predictions and test results lead to a more optimal interconnection of material and design for sealing applications.

This paper discusses two specific applications of nonlinear FEA involving an O-Ring and a U-Cup seal design. The evaluation of appropriate material constants for two elastomeric compounds and their direct applications in FEA models are discussed here with an experimental correlation.

This study concludes that the nonlinear FEA method can be utilized for performance evaluation of a seal design before actual fabrication and lend guidance to testing parameter selection and interpretations.