New Developments in Fuel Injector Atomizer Layouts for Port Fuel Injection Applications to Meet PL6 and ULEV Requirements

The paper presents the background research on the physics of the droplet coalescence phenomena carried out by an interactive usage of high-level 3-D numerical simulation tools and high-level optical visualization and measurement techniques.

The presentation continues with the description of a new injector atomizer plate layout, which enables a physical coalescence control of the droplet population within the entire fuel spray.

Finally are presented examples of the impact on exhaust emissions of the introduction the new atomizer plate with coalescence control by engine test bed experiments (steady state low load conditions) and vehicle tests (first cold part of the FTP-cycle).