Multi-Technique Surface Characterization of SMC for Adhesive Bonding Applications

Sheet molding composite (SMC) has seen increasing use in automotive body structures in recent years. SMC is by nature a complex material. Differences in formulations and processing techniques can produce variable SMC bulk and surface properties.

SMC surface properties are significant to both painting and adhesive bonding applications. Many studies have been performed on SMC surfaces to enhance understanding and address problems in both application areas. Numerous instrumental analysis techniques have been applied to obtain the required information on SMC surface and bonding properties.

This paper presents a brief review of documented studies emphasizing analysis of SMC surfaces for adhesive bonding applications. Details of multi-technique surface investigations are discussed, and the information provided by methods including Ion Scattering Spectrometry (ISS), Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry (XPS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is shown. The advantages of applying multiple surface analysis techniques to perform comprehensive studies are demonstrated.