Multi-Objective Optimization-Based Vehicle-Cargo Matching and Route Collaborative Decision Modeling

Aiming at the problem of efficiency loss caused by the independent optimization of traditional vehicle - cargo matching and route planning, this paper proposes a spatio - temporal collaborative optimization model. By constructing three - dimensional decision variables to describe the “vehicle - cargo - route” mapping relationship, a multi - objective mixed - integer programming model considering transportation costs, time - window constraints, and carbon emissions is established. An improved NSGA - II algorithm is designed to solve the Pareto optimal solution set, and the TOPSIS method is combined to achieve scheme optimization. Experiments show that the collaborative optimization model reduces the comprehensive cost by an average of 12.7% and the vehicle empty - running rate by 18.4% compared with the traditional two - stage method.