Modeling and Analysis of Transient Behavior of Surge Protective Devices in Electric Vehicle Charging Systems

This paper introduces a modeling and experimentation methodology for transient analysis of surge protective devices (SPDs) for electric vehicle (EV) application. The suggested SPD topology is to shield the EV power electronics from surge events generated by the grid during charging, with implementation on the grid-EV interface. A new surge protection circuit is designed to suppress transient over voltages and allow real-time monitoring of surge conditions. The SPD is evaluated in SPICE simulator in the time domain, including its nonlinear spark over characteristics as well as resistive, inductive, and capacitive effects. The equivalent circuit is developed and evaluated by simulation under typical surge conditions. The outcomes prove the topology to be effective in clamping voltage, reducing energy transfer to the EV side, and achieving surge event detection. The contribution of this work lies in the establishment of dependable and smart surge protection systems for secure and resilient EV charging infrastructure.