Mathematical Models for Predicting Vehicle Refueling Vapor Generation

Mathematical models were developed for estimating refueling vapor generation as a function of tank fuel and dispensed fuel Reid vapor pressures and temperatures, and fill type (bottom fill vs. top fill). Since refueling vapor generation is a strong function of fill type (bottom fill vs. top fill), simple illustrative diagrams are presented to explain the mechanism of higher vapor generation from bottom fill type fuel tanks. The models are useful for estimating refueling vapor generation in any real world ambient conditions and with any fuel. The models have been verified with published experimental data.