Lateral-Directional Motorcycle Dynamics and Rider Control

A theoretical and empirical view is taken of motorcycle lateral-directional dynamics, handling, and rider control behavior. The analytical development includes equations of motion for the vehicle and a multiple loop feedback model for the control response of the rider/cycle system. Connections with manual control and vehicle response data are shown. The effects of changing fork geometry, operating conditions, and tire lag properties are discussed. Implications are drawn for handling requirements, vehicle design, and rider control techniques.