Knock Control of Gasoline Engines-A Comparison of Solutions and Tendencies, with Special Reference to Future European Emission Legislation

The different demands with respect to electronic knock control in the USA, Japan and Europe are compared. Available systems to suit the special European requirements of turbocharged and naturally aspirated engines are presented in detail. The influence of the new European emission standards currently under discussion and their effect on the requirements of such systems are considered. Alternative approaches for future systems are discussed.