Investigation of Particulate Matter Emissions from Brake Pads of Light-Duty Vehicles: A Comparative Analysis of Friction Material Compositions

2025-36-0200

12/18/2025

Features
Event
Authors
Abstract
Content
Studies correlate air pollution with an increase in the incidence of respiratory diseases, affecting lung function and raising hospitalization rates. Among the pollutants associated with these diseases, inhalable coarse particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) stand out. The emission of particulate matter resulting from the wear of brake pads in light vehicles is the second largest source, accounting for approximately 33% of a vehicle’s total emissions. The particulate matter generated during the braking process can be analyzed through its collection in tests conducted on dynamometers, using enclosure and sampling systems. The development of the dynamometer used was based on the braking cycles described in the SAE J2522:2003 standard, whose main objective is to provide comparative data on different friction materials. Given the variations in particulate matter emissions depending on the composition of the brake pads, as reported in the literature, this study presents an analysis of the emissions from two distinct formulations, as well as a comparison of wear parameters and the surface roughness of the pads. The characterization of the particulate matter was carried out using a sampling system in accordance with ISO 9096:2017, with a sampling duct aligned with the flow duct downstream of the enclosure chamber, and particle retention achieved through fiberglass filters. The airflow velocity was controlled to ensure isokinetic transport conditions in the sampling system, adjusting the connected pump to match the probe velocity. The results show that wear was not uniform between the pairs of brake pads, also revealing differences in the chemical composition of the particulate matter according to the different formulations, consistent with what is reported in the literature, but with similar particle concentrations by size.
Meta TagsDetails
DOI
https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-36-0200
Pages
10
Citation
Catão, V., Machado, A., Fiorentin, F., Silva, J., et al., "Investigation of Particulate Matter Emissions from Brake Pads of Light-Duty Vehicles: A Comparative Analysis of Friction Material Compositions," SAE Technical Paper 2025-36-0200, 2025, https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-36-0200.
Additional Details
Publisher
Published
12/18/2025
Product Code
2025-36-0200
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English