Investigation on Dynamic Response of a Closed Fuel Injector in a Diesel Engine at Low Speed

Contemporary high speed diesel engines require a compromise regarding the size of fuel nozzle orifices which should be small enough to assure a good fuel atomization at low engine speed, and large enough to provide the engine with high fuel dose at maximum power. Calculations were made to predict the dynamic response of a closed diesel injector within its unstable operation range. The pressure in the seat chamber under the needle was established as the key factor to simulate the injector's behaviour. It was measured at different flow conditions and used in calculations. After applying an optimization method, it was possible to predict how the design parameters of an injector should be changed in order to obtain the best dimentional configuration which improves the fuel atomization at low engine speed. The proposed method of injector simulation and optimization can be used to better adapt the closed multi-hole injectors to a diesel engine in cases xjhen the atomization of fuel at starting and idling conditions is not adequate.