Injection, Atomization and Combustion of Carbon Slurry Fuels

Three different carbon blacks were used to formulate nine different slurries in DF-2. The rheological properties of each formulation were examined to determine deviations from Newtonian behavior. The spray characteristics of selected formulations were then examined in a high-pressure, high-temperature injection bomb. The cone angle decreased and the penetration rates increased for all of the slurries tested as compared to straight DF-2. These changes were more pronounced as the concentration of carbon black increased.

Six formulations of three types of carbon black were tested in a single-cylinder, direct-injection CLR engine. Apparent heat release rates were computed as a function of crankangle from the cylinder pressure data. Based on the engine performance tests and some limited durability testing it appears that well-formulated carbon black slurries have only minor effects on engine performance and durability.