Increasing Energy Efficiency of Vehicles Using Combined Electromechanical Engine-Transmission Systems

The rise of electric and hybrid vehicles with separate axle or wheel drives enables precise torque distribution between the front and rear wheels. The smooth control of electric motors allows continuous operation on high-resistance roads, optimizing torque distribution and improving efficiency. In hybrid vehicles, synergistic control of both internal combustion engines and electric motors can minimize energy consumption. Using the internal combustion engine for steady driving and electric power for acceleration enhances dynamic performance. Keeping the internal combustion engine at a constant speed is key to improving energy efficiency and vehicle responsiveness. The proposed method aids in selecting optimal power levels for both engines during the design phase. As acceleration time decreases, the ratio of electric motor power to internal combustion engine power increases. The torque distribution system, relying on sensors for axle loads, vehicle speed, and engine power, can reduce sensor numbers by correlating engine power with rolling resistance. Experimental results confirmed a 6.5% increase in engine power dedicated to acceleration due to reduced energy losses in the wheel drive, highlighting potential efficiency gains in hybrid vehicles.