Impact of Injector Geometry and Parcel Injection Location on Flash Boiling Spray Simulations of the ECN Spray G Injector

2025-01-8462

To be published on 04/01/2025

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WCX SAE World Congress Experience
Authors Abstract
Content
Near nozzle regions of fuel injectors are exposed to rapid phase changes due to flash boiling at ambient condition below fuel’s saturation pressure. So, it is crucial to understand the influence of spray boundary conditions on parcel-based simulations for improved predictions of fuel spray behavior in engine applications. This study builds upon previous research investigating the impact of detailed injector tip geometry on parcel simulations of non-flash boiling condition. Flash boiling spray interaction with these boundary conditions were not considered previously. Four key parameters were varied individually on baseline spray simulation model which resulted in total five cases. The four key parameter variation against baseline model were the presence of detailed injector tip geometry versus simplified flat surface, parcel initialization at the nozzle exit versus the counterbore exit, the use of experimental rate of injection versus one-way coupling with internal nozzle Volume of Fluid (VOF) simulation, and the Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) versus Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence model. Macroscopic analysis of results such as penetration length exhibited limited sensitivity to these boundary conditions variation. However, local data such as the liquid volume fraction near the injector, displayed significant differences, which could affect mixing and combustion predictions in engine simulations. These findings emphasize the need to reassess simulation assumptions and refine guidelines for accurately predicting spray characteristics in advanced engine modeling.
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Citation
Kumar, A., and Van Dam, N., "Impact of Injector Geometry and Parcel Injection Location on Flash Boiling Spray Simulations of the ECN Spray G Injector," SAE Technical Paper 2025-01-8462, 2025, .
Additional Details
Publisher
Published
To be published on Apr 1, 2025
Product Code
2025-01-8462
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English