Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of microchannel through various nanofluids

The significant development of power convertors in electrical vehicles demand higher energy consumptions and in turn larger heat generations. To prevent overheating of power convertors a newly designed curved micro channel was designed diamond shaped and triangular cross-sections. The working fluids used are Gc3N4/Water (0.3%), Al2O3/Water (0.3%) nanofluids, and Al2O3-Gc3N4/Water (0.3%) hybrid nanofluid and evaluated the flow and heat transfer characteristics. The heat sink has a cross-sectional area of 80 × 48 mm², and the experimental study was conducted by varying the mass flow rate from 0.1 to 0.5 LPM under a constant heat flux of 50 kW/m². The experimental results revealed that the heat transfer rate and pressure drop for the pentagonal channel increased by 14.2% and 18.9%, respectively, compared to the triangular channel heat sink using hybrid nanofluids. This improvement can be attributed to the secondary flow generated in the oblique finned pentagonal microchannel heat sink. Using hybrid nanofluid, the heat transfer rate for the pentagonal microchannel heat sink increased by 4.9% and 5.8% compared to Gc3N4/Water and Al2O3/Water nanofluids, respectively. Additionally, the Performance Evaluation Criterion for the pentagonal microchannel heat sink was found to be 24.56% higher than that of the triangular microchannel heat sink when using hybrid nanofluid. The thermal resistance was lower, and the required pumping power was higher for the pentagonal channel heat sink with hybrid nanofluid compared to other configurations.