Experimental Study of Particulate Emissions for Direct Hydrogen Injection in a Dual Fuel Diesel Engine

High particulate emissions from diesel vehicles showing high strength and reliability have led to the evolution of many new technologies as well as the formulation of legal restrictions. One of the ways to reduce emissions from combustion of diesel fuel is to use the dual fuel system. Methane and hydrogen are most often considered as an additional fuel for use in a diesel engine. The combustion process and thus the emission are determined i.e. by fuel atomization and injection methods. The motivation to undertake the research is the need to define how the applied hydrogen injection will influence particulate emissions during the combustion process in a dual fuel diesel engine. Research has been conducted to compare the particulate emissions during engine operation with early and late direct injection of hydrogen. The research object is a four-cylinder, four-stroke ADCR engine produced by Andoria-Mot with a displacement of 2,636 cm³. Glow plugs were replaced by compressed hydrogen injectors with a dedicated adapter. The function of the glow plugs was taken over by a commonly used system for heating the intake air. The Semtech Ecostar exhaust analyzer was used for particulate emission tests. All samples were recorded at a frequency of 10 Hz. The following analyzer modules were used: Power Distribution Module, Micro Proportional Sampling System, Particulate Filter System, Fuel Economy Meter and Continuous Particulate Measurement. The examinations were conducted at 1,500 rpm. Hydrogen was injected using the original research injector. The injection time and the maximum hydrogen dose were determined experimentally from the preliminary studies. The obtained results were analyzed at all measurement points. Mean Absolute Percentage Errors and regression Generalized Additive Models as a function of generated power for the analyzed hydrogen doses were determined.