Experimental Reduction of NOx, Smoke, and BSFC in a Diesel Engine Using Uniquely Produced Water (0 - 80%) to Fuel Emulsion

With the aid of static mixer and non-ionic emulsifying agent, a comparatively stable water-fuel emulsion was obtained. Engine performance in a 4 cycle direct injection engine using these fuels were studied.

A large reduction of NO_x concentration was obtained over the wide range of engine operation, in spite of increased ignition lag and rapid combustion. Furthermore, improvements of economy and reduction of exhaust smoke were obtained. The reduction of NO_x concentration, fuel consumption and smoke were even more remarkable when compared with operating same engine with water fumigation.