Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Modal Behaviour in Electric Two-Wheeler Frames

This research investigates the dynamic characteristics of an electric two-wheeler chassis through a combined experimental and numerical approach. The study commences with the development of a detailed CAD model, which serves as the basis for Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to predict the chassis's natural frequencies and mode shapes. These numerical simulations offer initial insights into the structural vibration behaviour crucial for ensuring vehicle stability and rider comfort. To validate the FEA predictions, experimental modal analysis is performed on a physical prototype of the electric two-wheeler chassis using impact hammer excitation. Multiple response measurements are acquired via accelerometers, and the resulting data is processed to extract experimental modal parameters. The correlation between the simulated and experimental mode shapes is quantitatively assessed using the Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC). This matrix provides a measure of the consistency and similarity between the mode vectors obtained from both methods. Discrepancies identified through MAC analysis necessitate an iterative model updating process. The FEA model is refined by adjusting physical and material properties, boundary conditions, and joint characteristics to achieve a higher degree of correlation with the experimental results. This integrated approach of CAD modelling, FEA simulation, experimental testing, and MAC-based correlation allows for the development of a validated numerical model. The refined FEA model can then be utilized for advanced analyses such as fatigue life prediction, structural optimization, and NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) studies, contributing to the design of improved electric two-wheelers. This work underscores the significance of experimental validation in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of numerical models for complex structural systems in the automotive industry.