Energy and Environmental Impacts of Electric Vehicle Battery Production and Recycling

951865

10/01/1995

Event
1995 Total Life Cycle Conference and Exposition
Authors Abstract
Content
Electric vehicle batteries use energy and generate environmental residuals when they are produced and recycled. This study estimates, for four selected battery types (advanced lead-acid, sodium-sulfur, nickel-cadmium, and nickel-metal hydride), the impacts of production and recycling of the materials used in electric vehicle batteries. These impacts are compared, with special attention to the locations of the emissions. It is found that the choice among batteries for electric vehicles involves tradeoffs among impacts. For example, although the nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries are similar, energy requirements for production of the cadmium electrodes may be higher than those for the metal hydride electrodes, but the latter may be more difficult to recycle.
Meta TagsDetails
DOI
https://doi.org/10.4271/951865
Pages
12
Citation
Gaines, L., and Singh, M., "Energy and Environmental Impacts of Electric Vehicle Battery Production and Recycling," SAE Technical Paper 951865, 1995, https://doi.org/10.4271/951865.
Additional Details
Publisher
Published
Oct 1, 1995
Product Code
951865
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English