As an important energy storage device and the power source for key equipment such
as automobiles and drones at present, lithium-ion batteries generate a
substantial amount of heat during their operation. Without an effective cooling
system, the temperature of the battery module can rise, significantly impacting
the battery's service life and safety performance. Therefore, automotive battery
modules require an efficient battery thermal management system to regulate heat
dissipation and extend battery life. We note that many existing vehicle battery
thermal management systems focus solely on the surface temperature of the
battery. However, uneven heat distribution within the battery can also lead to
issues such as unbalanced aging and thermal runaway safety hazards. Thus, we
specifically emphasize the internal temperature distribution of the battery,
focusing on internal temperature optimization design and simulation. Taking the
battery module equipped with the third-generation NCM 9-series high-nickel CVD
silicon-carbon anode semi-solid battery cells as an example, this paper designs
an integrated electro-thermal simulation and optimization scheme for the
interior of electric vehicles, as well as an external heat exchange device
capable of efficiently exchanging heat with the interior. By establishing a 3D
thermal model of the battery, conducting a series of simulations, and comparing
the results with the corresponding experimental data, this study not only
obtains a relatively comprehensive 3D thermal model and thermal simulation
process, but also develops an optimized thermal management solution for the
battery module.